. 2022 Apr 11;12:6034. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09960-w

Table 2.

Model summaries with HDL as the outcome variable.

Predictor	Model 1				Model 2				Model 3				Model 4
Predictor	β	b	SE	p	β	b	SE	p	β	b	SE	p	β	b	SE	p
Dispositional gratitude	.08	1.80	0.52	< .001	.01	0.31	0.49	.525	.00	0.02	0.53	.973	− .01	− 0.18	0.47	.706
Antihyperlipidemic medication use (0 = no, 1 = yes)					− .21	− 3.80	0.93	< .001	− .21	− 3.79	0.93	< .001	− .10	− 1.74	0.84	.039
Demographics
Age					.13	0.19	0.03	< .001	.13	0.18	0.03	< .001	.08	0.11	0.03	< .001
Sex (0 = female, 1 = male)					− .75	− 13.71	0.81	< .001	− .77	− 14.13	0.85	< .001	− .80	− 14.67	0.79	< .001
Race (0 = White, 1 = non-White)					.09	1.57	1.24	.205	.08	1.50	1.24	.223	.15	2.80	1.11	.012
Education					.11	0.84	0.17	< .001	.09	0.69	0.18	< .001	.03	0.22	0.16	.182
Household income					.04	0.01	0.01	.068	.03	0.01	0.01	.193	.00	0.00	0.01	.957
Personality
Dispositional optimism									.08	0.30	0.11	.004	.05	0.20	0.10	.038
Agreeableness									− .10	− 3.64	0.95	< .001	− .03	− 1.21	0.86	.162
Conscientiousness									.04	1.56	0.92	.090	.02	0.83	0.83	.316
Extraversion									.05	1.59	0.88	.070	− .01	− 0.17	0.79	.827
Emotional stability									.03	0.90	0.72	.214	.01	0.37	0.65	.573
Openness to experience									.03	0.91	0.94	.331	.02	0.62	0.85	.462
Health-related
Alcohol consumption													.26	0.17	0.01	< .001
BMI													− .27	− 0.73	0.06	< .001
Exercise (0 = do not exercise regularly, 1 = exercise regularly)													.12	2.25	0.88	.010
Healthy Eating Index													.10	0.65	0.14	< .001
Smoking (0 = non-smoker, 1 = smoker)													− .31	− 5.61	1.22	< .001

N = 1800. β = standardized slope coefficient, b = unstandardized slope coefficient, SE = standard error of the slope coefficient. Bolded p-values indicate statistical significance at the .05 level.