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. 2022 Apr 11;12:6034. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09960-w

Table 3.

Model summaries with LDL as the outcome variable.

Predictor Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4
β b SE p β b SE p β b SE p β b SE p
Dispositional gratitude − .00 − 0.19 0.97 .847 − .02 − 0.74 0.93 .425 − .02 − 0.74 1.01 .460 − .01 -0.35 1.01 .729
Antihyperlipidemic medication use (0 = no, 1 = yes) − .77 − 25.92 1.77  < .001 − .77 − 25.80 1.77  < .001 − .78 − 26.32 1.78  < .001
Demographics
Age .02 0.05 0.06 .394 .02 0.05 0.07 .445 .04 0.10 0.07 .152
Sex (0 = female, 1 = male) .01 0.36 1.54 .815 .01 0.27 1.63 .867 − .02 − 0.65 1.69 .702
Race (0 = White, 1 = non-White) − .17 − 5.61 2.34 .016 − .17 − 5.87 2.35  < .001 − .19 − 6.41 2.34 .006
Education − .08 − 1.17 0.33  < .001 − .09 − 1.22 0.34  < .001 − .06 − 0.86 0.35 .013
Household income .00 0.00 0.01 .908 .00 0.00 0.01 .864 .01 0.01 0.01 .591
Personality
Dispositional optimism − .02 − 0.15 0.20 .471 − .01 − 0.06 0.20 .763
Agreeableness .03 2.17 1.82 .234 .02 1.19 1.83 .515
Conscientiousness − .03 − 2.30 1.76 .191 − .02 − 1.71 1.77 .332
Extraversion − .02 − 0.98 1.67 .556 − .01 − 0.69 1.67 .681
Emotional stability − .01 − 0.76 1.39 .582 − .02 − 0.97 1.39 .483
Openness to experience .04 2.71 1.76 .122 .04 2.82 1.76 .110
Health-related
Alcohol consumption − .02 − 0.02 0.03 .477
BMI .05 0.26 0.12 .029
Exercise (0 = do not exercise regularly, 1 = exercise regularly) .00 0.07 1.89 .972
Healthy Eating Index − .06 − 0.80 0.30 .008
Smoking (0 = non-smoker, 1 = smoker) .24 7.92 2.61 .002

N = 1800. β = standardized slope coefficient, b = unstandardized slope coefficient, SE = standard error of the slope coefficient. Bolded p-values indicate statistical significance at the .05 level.