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. 2022 Apr 11;13:1982. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-29175-x

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© This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a A scheme of experimental study design. b A t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) plot of single-cell gene expression of T cells in all patients and healthy donors, colored by CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell clusters. c Density scatter plots of CD4 and CD8A expression in T cells, generated using scRNA-seq results. x-axis, CD4 gene expression; y-axis, CD8A gene expression; dots were colored by cell density. d A CD8⁺/CD4⁺ T cell ratio was compared between patients (n = 13) and healthy donors (n = 6). Data are presented as mean values ± SEM; two-sided unpaired Mann–Whitney test. P value = 0.0092. e The same t-SNE plot in (b), color coded for CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell subsets. f Pie charts showing percentages of T cell subsets in individual patients and healthy donors; color scheme as in (e). g Percentages of effector memory T cells were compared to patients (n = 13) and healthy donors (n = 6). Data are presented as mean values ± SEM; two-sided unpaired Mann–Whitney test, P value = 0.0167.