Table 1. Characteristics of participants with and without metabolic syndrome.

Parameters	Male				Female
	MetS (n=31)	No MetS (n=69)	P-value		MetS (n=74)	No MetS (n=77)	P-value
#Mann-Whiney U test. BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; FBG: fasting blood glucose; TG: triglycerides; HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC: total cholesterol; ASM: appendicular skeletal muscle mass; RASM: relative ASM; SPPB: short physical performance battery. Bold font indicates P-value <0.05.
Age (years)#	67.6±6.2	69.4±6.0	0.106		67.9±6.4	67.4±5.7	0.854
BMI (kg/m2)#	26.3±2.1	23.6±2.2	0.000		25.5±3.1	22.7±2.2	0.000
Waist circumference (cm)	96.5±6.2	87.1±9.0	0.000		89.9±7.8	79.6±7.1	0.000
Hip circumference (cm)	100.2±5.6	94.3±7.1	0.000		97.2±5.9	93.4±4.6	0.000
Waist to hip ratio	0.96±0.05	0.92±0.07	0.006		0.93±0.07	0.85±0.07	0.000
SBP (mmHg)#	137.5±13.5	132.2±17.9	0.149		136.7±16.9	126.9±18.4	0.000
DBP (mmHg)#	82.5±7.6	79.6±10.7	0.279		78.9±9.3	75.2±8.2	0.023
FBG (mmol/L)#	6.1±1.5	5.2±0.8	0.001		6.0±1.6	5.2±1.1	0.000
TG (mmol/L)#	1.6±0.5	1.4±0.7	0.009		2.0±1.2	1.4±0.5	0.000
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.0±0.2	1.2±0.3	0.000		1.2±0.3	1.5±0.4	0.000
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.5±0.6	2.6±0.8	0.616		2.9±0.9	2.7±0.8	0.237
TC (mmol/L)	4.4±0.9	4.6±1.0	0.359		5.0±1.0	4.9±1.0	0.549
Muscle mass
ASM (kg)	21.3±2.7	19.3±2.7	0.001		14.1±2.0	12.9±1.8	0.000
RASM (kg/m2)	7.4±0.8	6.8±0.8	0.001		5.8±0.8	5.4±0.6	0.002
Muscle strength
Handgrip strength (kg)	42.5±7.5	37.8±7.1	0.004		24.9±4.4	24.0±4.4	0.209
Chair stand test (s)	9.1±3.1	8.9±2.8	0.742		9.1±2.3	9.2±2.8	0.747
Physical performance
Gait speed (m/s)	1.3±0.3	1.3±0.3	0.839		1.3±0.3	1.3±0.3	0.586
SPPB score#	11.5±0.9	11.6±1.0	0.313		11.5±0.9	11.4±1.3	0.000