TABLE 4.

Comparative results for povidone iodine at three times of exposure according to Polytech® implants.

	Treatment	Median (IQR) log ufc/ml	p *	Median (IQR)% live cells	p *	Median (IQR)% bacterial density	P *
	PI 1′ < 10 μm Polysmooth™	0.00 (0.00–2.23)	0.008	100.00 (100.00–100.00)	0.749	0.12 (0.07–0.29)	< 0.001
	PI 1′ 25–50 μm Polytxt®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (98.08–100.00)		0.01 (0.00–0.03)
<10 μm Polysmooth™	PI 3′<10 μm Polysmooth™	0.00 (0.00–1.72)	0.008	100.00 (100.00–100.00)	0.752	0.12 (0.04–0.20)	<0.001
vs.	PI 3′ 25–50 μm Polytxt®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (100.00–100.00)		0.01 (0.00–0.02)
25–50 μm Polytxt®	PI 5′ < 10 μm Polysmooth™	0.00 (0.00–1.51)	0.008	100.00 (89.90–100.00)	0.868	0.19 (0.12–0.30)	<0.001
	PI 5′ 25–50 μm Polytxt®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (90.83–100.00)		0.01 (0.01–0.02)
	PI 1′ < 10 μm Polysmooth™	0.00 (0.00–2.23)	0.008	100.00 (100.00–100.00)	0.447	0.12 (0.07–0.29)	0.010
	PI 1′ 50–100 μm macrotextured	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (93.63–100.00)		0.05 (0.04–0.07)
<10 μm Polysmooth™	PI 3′<10 μm Polysmooth™	0.00 (0.00–1.72)	0.008	100.00 (100.00–100.00)	0.027	0.12 (0.04–0.20)	0.153
vs.	PI 3′ 50–100 μm macrotextured	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		99.45 (94.18–100.00)		0.05 (0.04–0.07)
50–100 μm macrotextured	PI 5′ < 10 μm Polysmooth™	0.00 (0.00–1.51)	0.008	100.00 (89.90–100.00)	0.883	0.19 (0.12–0.30)	<0.001
	PI 5′ 50–100 μm macrotextured	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (94.63–100.00)		0.05 (0.04–0.07)
	PI 1′ < 10 μm Polysmooth™	0.00 (0.00–2.23)	0.008	100.00 (100.00–100.00)	0.903	0.12 (0.07–0.29)	1
	PI 1′ 25 μm MESMO®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (100.00–100.00)		0.11 (0.10–0.13)
<10 μm Polysmooth™	PI 3′<10 μm Polysmooth™	0.00 (0.00–1.72)	0.031	100.00 (100.00–100.00)	0.509	0.12 (0.04–0.20)	0.775
vs.	PI 3′ 25 μm MESMO®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (100.00–100.00)		0.10 (0.05–0.27)
25 μm MESMO®	PI 5′ < 10 μm Polysmooth™	0.00 (0.00–1.51)	0.008	100.00 (89.90–100.00)	0.082	0.19 (0.12–0.30)	1
	PI 5′ 25 μm MESMO®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (100.00–100.00)		0.21 (0.12–0.30)
	PI 1′ 50–100 μm macrotextured	0.00 (0.00–0.00)	1	100.00 (93.65–100.00)	0.677	0.05 (0.04–0.07)	<0.001
	PI 1′ 25–50 μm Polytxt®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (98.08–100.00)		0.01 (0.00–0.03)
50–100 μm macrotextured	PI 3′ 50–100 μm macrotextured	0.00 (0.00–0.00)	1	99.45 (94.18–100.00)	0.048	0.05 (0.04–0.07)	<0.001
vs.	PI 3′ 25–50 μm Polytxt®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (100.00–100.00)		0.01 (0.00–0.02)
25–50 μm Polytxt®	PI 5′ 50–100 μm macrotextured	0.00 (0.00–0.00)	1	100.00 (94.63–100.00)	0.679	0.05 (0.04–0.07)	<0.001
	PI 5′ 25–50 μm Polytxt®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (90.83–100.00)		0.01 (0.01–0.02)
	PI 1′ 25 μm MESMO®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)	1	100.00 (100.00–100.00)	0.492	0.11 (0.10–0.13)	<0.001
	PI 1′ 25–50 μm Polytxt®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (98.08–100.00)		0.01 (0.00–0.03)
25 μm MESMO®	PI 3′ 25 μm MESMO®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)	0.317	100.00 (100.00–100.00)	0.258	0.10 (0.05–0.27)	<0.001
vs.	PI 3′ 25–50 μm Polytxt®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (100.00–100.00)		0.01 (0.01–0.02)
25–50 μm Polytxt®	PI 5′ 25 μm MESMO®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)	1	100.00 (100.00–100.00)	0.046	0.21 (0.07–0.68)	<0.001
	PI 5′25–50 μm Polytxt®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (90.83–100.00)		0.01 (0.01–0.02)
	PI 1′ 50–100 μm macrotextured	0.00 (0.00–0.00)	1	100.00 (93.65–100.00)	0.268	0.05 (0.04–0.07)	<0.001
	PI 1′ 25 μm MESMO®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (100.00–100.00)		0.11 (0.10–0.13)
50–100 μm macrotextured	PI 3′ 50–100 μm macrotextured	0.00 (0.00–0.00)	0.317	99.45 (94.18–100.00)	0.002	0.05 (0.04–0.07)	0.063
vs.	PI 3′ 25 μm MESMO®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (100.00–100.00)		0.10 (0.05–0.27)
25 μm MESMO®	PI 5′ 50–100 μm macrotextured	0.00 (0.00–0.00)	1	100.00 (94.63–100.00)	0.058	0.05 (0.04–0.07)	0.001
	PI 5′ 25 μm MESMO®	0.00 (0.00–0.00)		100.00 (100.00–100.00)		0.21 (0.07–0.68)

PI, povidone iodine; IQR, interquartile range; cfu, colony forming units; bacterial density, bacteria/μm².

*Values in bold represent statistical significance.