Table 2.
Oxidative stress biomarkers’ levels before intervention (0 weeks).
| Group A Control |
Group B Wine |
Group C Ethanol |
p † | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oxidized guanine species (μg/mmol creatinine) | 16.6 (12.6–22.8) |
22.4 (11.1–27.1) |
11.7 (8.7–19.8) |
0.153 |
| TBARS (μM) | 1.44 ± 0.47 | 1.48 ± 0.43 | 1.51 ± 0.34 | 0.831 |
| Protein carbonyls (nmol/mg protein) | 0.83 (0.69–0.97) |
0.89 (0.79–1.21) |
0.83 (0.73–0.97) |
0.088 |
| Serum GPx activity (U/mL) | 0.096 (0.073–0.116) |
0.108 (0.094–0.116) |
0.089 (0.073–0.114) |
0.133 |
| LRP GPx activity (U/mg) | 0.0029 (0.0021–0.0107) |
0.0066 (0.0025–0.0106) |
0.0030 (0.0022–0.0039) |
0.168 |
| SOD activity (U/mg) | 2.3 (1.1–3.2) | 2.3 (1.3–3.2) | 2.5 (1.6–4.1) | 0.596 |
Data are presented as means ± SD for normally distributed variables or as median (25th–75th quartiles) for skewed variables. One-way ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis tests were used for the comparisons, respectively. TBARS; thiobarbituric acid substances, GPx; glutathione peroxidase, LRP; leukocyte-rich plasma, SOD; superoxide dismutase. † p value from ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis.