Table 2.
Repeated measures correlations of kidney cortex fat, kidney sinus fat and kidney total fat over all time points (time points T0, T1 and T3 combined).
| Kidney Cortex | Kidney Sinus Fat | Total Kidney Fat | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rrm | p | Adjusted p | rrm | p | Adjusted p | rrm | p | Adjusted p | |
| Anthropometrics | |||||||||
| BMI | 0.03 | 0.66 | 1.00 | 0.35 | <0.0001 * | <0.0001 * | 0.36 | <0.0001 * | <0.0001 * |
| Waist | −0.02 | 0.73 | 1.00 | 0.26 | <0.0001 * | <0.0001 * | 0.26 | <0.0001 * | <0.0001 * |
| Fat depots | |||||||||
| VAT | 0.02 | 0.70 | 1.00 | 0.38 | <0.0001 * | <0.0001 * | 0.39 | <0.0001 * | <0.0001 * |
| SAT | 0.01 | 0.89 | 1.00 | 0.31 | <0.0001 * | <0.0001 * | 0.33 | <0.0001 * | <0.0001 * |
| Liver fat content | 0.00 | 0.96 | 1.00 | 0.32 | <0.0001 * | <0.0001 * | 0.32 | <0.0001 * | <0.0001 * |
| Pancreas fat content | 0.02 | 0.76 | 1.00 | 0.07 | 0.25 | 0.74 | 0.08 | 0.19 | 0.58 |
| Blood pressure | |||||||||
| Systolic BP | 0.05 | 0.41 | 1.00 | 0.07 | 0.26 | 0.78 | 0.08 | 0.20 | 0.60 |
| Diastolic BP | 0.01 | 0.93 | 1.00 | 0.15 | 0.01 * | 0.04 * | 0.16 | 0.01 * | 0.03 * |
| Adipokine | |||||||||
| Leptin | 0.02 | 0.75 | 1.00 | 0.23 | <0.001 * | <0.001 * | 0.24 | <0.0001 * | <0.001 * |
| Adiponectin | −0.01 | 0.88 | 1.00 | 0.02 | 0.79 | 1.00 | 0.03 | 0.76 | 1.00 |
| Resistin | −0.16 | 0.01 * | 0.03 * | 0.01 | 0.84 | 1.00 | −0.02 | 0.80 | 1.00 |
| Glucose metabolism | |||||||||
| HOMA-IR | 0.05 | 0.38 | 1.00 | 0.12 | 0.06 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.04 * | 0.11 |
| Insulin | 0.06 | 0.37 | 1.00 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.36 | 0.11 | 0.08 | 0.25 |
| Glucose | 0.01 | 0.87 | 1.00 | 0.19 | 0.002 * | 0.01 * | 0.20 | <0.002 * | <0.004 * |
| IGF-1 | 0.02 | 0.70 | 1.00 | −0.11 | 0.07 | 0.21 | −0.12 | 0.06 | 0.18 |
| HbA1c | −0.07 | 0.26 | 0.77 | 0.11 | 0.08 | 0.24 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.27 |
| Lipid metabolism | |||||||||
| Triglycerides | 0.00 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 0.13 | 0.04 * | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.03 * | 0.08 |
| Cholesterol | −0.05 | 0.42 | 1.00 | 0.23 | <0.001 * | <0.001 * | 0.23 | <0.001 * | <0.001 * |
| LDL | −0.08 | 0.21 | 0.64 | 0.16 | 0.01 * | 0.03 * | 0.15 | 0.02 * | 0.06 |
| HDL | −0.01 | 0.85 | 1.00 | 0.18 | <0.003 * | 0.01 * | 0.18 | <0.003 * | 0.01 * |
| Liver function tests | |||||||||
| ALT | 0.04 | 0.55 | 1.00 | 0.05 | 0.42 | 1.00 | 0.07 | 0.24 | 0.72 |
| AST | 0.00 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 0.01 | 0.89 | 1.00 | 0.02 | 0.73 | 1.00 |
| GGT | −0.01 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 0.31 | <0.0001 * | <0.0001 * | 0.32 | <0.0001 * | <0.0001 * |
| Inflammation | |||||||||
| CRP | 0.01 | 0.90 | 1.00 | 0.09 | 0.16 | 0.49 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.39 |
| TNF α | −0.02 | 0.77 | 1.00 | −0.03 | 0.68 | 1.00 | −0.03 | 0.66 | 1.00 |
| IFN | −0.04 | 0.50 | 1.00 | −0.02 | 0.76 | 1.00 | −0.02 | 0.69 | 1.00 |
| IL6 | −0.05 | 0.45 | 1.00 | −0.01 | 0.88 | 1.00 | −0.02 | 0.79 | 1.00 |
| IL8 | −0.13 | 0.04 * | 0.11 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | −0.01 | 0.88 | 1.00 |
| LDH | −0.01 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 0.21 | 0.02 * | 0.05 * | 0.23 | 0.01 * | 0.03 * |
| Kidney function tests | |||||||||
| Creatinine | −0.07 | 0.25 | 0.76 | −0.05 | 0.38 | 1.00 | −0.08 | 0.22 | 0.66 |
| GFR | 0.06 | 0.33 | 0.99 | 0.03 | 0.58 | 1.00 | 0.05 | 0.42 | 1.00 |
| Albumin | 0.01 | 0.90 | 1.00 | 0.19 | <0.002 * | 0.01 * | 0.20 | <0.001 * | <0.003 * |
* p values were adjusted using Bonferroni correction, on the p-values generated for each bioclinical variables with all three kidney fat parameters. Thus, only p-values less than 0.0167, i.e., (0.05/3) remained significant after adjustment. Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BP, blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; GGT, gamma glutamyl transferase; IFN-γ, interferon gamma; IL6, interleukin 6; IL8, interleukin 8; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL, high density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; LDL, low density lipoprotein, SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor-alpha; VAT, visceral adipose tissue.