Table 1.

Most active plant extracts against bacteria causing respiratory diseases with MIC ≤ 50 µg/mL (note: only MIC was used for the selection of the plants for Table 1).

Bacteria	Plant Extract with Activity	Reference
Klebsiella pneumoniae	Gymnosporia senegalensis (Lam.) Loes (root petroleum ether extract, dichloromethane extract, and ethanol extract with MIC = 1.56 µg/mL each; water extract with MIC = 3.13 µg/mL)	[24]
	Spirostachys africana Sond. (bark petroleum ether, dichloromethane, and ethanol extracts with MIC = 1.56 µg/mL each)	[24]
	Cassia abbreviata Oliv. (stem bark trichloromethane extract with MIC = 46.88 µg/mL)	[25]
	Syzygium cordatum Hochst. ex Krauss (leaf petroleum ether extract with MIC = 6.25 µg/mL, dichloromethane and water extracts with MIC = 0.39 µg/mL each, ethanol extract with MIC = 1.56 µg/mL)	[24]
Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Warburgia salutaris (Bertol.f.) Chiov. (leaf acetone extract against MTB (H37Ra) with MIC = 25 ± 2 µg/mL and MTB 2 with MIC = 25 ± 5 µg/mL)	[26]
	Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Kurz. (leaf n-hexane fraction and dichloromethane fractions of methanol extract with MIC = 25 µg/mL both, ethyl acetate fraction of methanol extract and water extract with MIC = 40 µg/mL both)	[27]
	Bridelia micrantha (Hochst.) Baill. (bark acetone extract against MTB (H37Ra) with MIC = 25 ± 0 µg/mL and against MTB 2 with MIC = 25 ± 1 µg/mL)	[28]
	Lantana camara L. (leaf methanol extract against MTB (H37Rv) with MIC = 20 µg/mL and MTB (TMC-331) and wild strain with MIC= 15 µg/mL both)	[29]
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Ozoroa mucronata (Bernh.) R. Fern & A. Fern. (leaf dichloromethane fraction of crude (acetone (70%)-n-hexane) extract dichloromethane fraction with MIC = 39 µg/mL)	[30]
	Cassia abbreviata Oliv. (stem bark cold water extract with MIC = 46.88 µg/mL)	[25]
	Trichilia emetica Vahl (leaf dichloromethane/methanol (1:1) extract with MIC = 30 µg/mL and seed dichloromethane extract with MIC = 31 µg/mL)	[31,32]
	Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn. (leaf water extract against P. aeruginosa with MIC = 30 µg/mL and P. aeruginosa NCTC10662 with MIC = 30 µg/mL, and ethanol extract against P. aerugionsa with MIC = 30 µg/mL and P. aeruginosa NCTC10662 with MIC = 35 µg/mL)	[33]
	Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck (essential oil with MIC = 12.5 µg/mL)	[25]
Staphylococcus aureus	Ozoroa mucronata (Bernh.) R. Fern & A. Fern. (leaf crude (acetone (70%)-n-hexane) extract dichloromethane fraction with MIC = 19 µg/mL)	[30]
	Elaeodendron buchananii (Loes.) Loes. (stem bark ethyl acetate extract with MIC = 15.62 µg/mL)	[34]
	Gymnosporia senegalensis (Lam.) Loes (root petroleum ether extract with MIC = 6.25 µg/mL, dichloromethane and ethanol extracts with MIC = 0.78 µg/mL each)	[24]
	Solanecio mannii (Hook.f.) C. Jeffrey (leaf cyclohexane extract with MIC = 6.3 µg/mL)	[35]
	Spirostachys africana Sond. (bark petroleum ether extract with MIC = 0.39 µg/mL, dichloromethane extract with MIC = 3.13 µg/mL, ethanol extract with MIC = 0.01 µg/mL, and water extract with MIC = 0.78 µg/mL)	[24]
	Cassia abbreviata Oliv. (stem bark methanol extract with MIC = 15 µg/mL)	[31]
	Tamarindus indica L. (flower methanol extract with MIC = 25 µg/mL)	[36]
	Psidium guajava L. (leaf methanol extract with MIC = 25 µg/mL)	[37]
	Syzygium cordatum Hochst. ex Krauss (leaf petroleum ether extract with MIC = 6.25 µg/mL, dichloromethane extract with MIC = 0.20 µg/mL, ethanol extract with MIC = 0.01 µg/mL, and water extract with MIC = 0.78 µg/mL)	[24]
	Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn. (leaf water extract with MIC = 20 µg/mL against S.aureus NCTC6571 and ethanol extract with MIC = 20 µg/mL against both S. aureus and S. aureus NCTC6571)	[33]
	Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck (essential oil with MIC = 12.5 µg/mL)	[38]