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. 2022 Mar 25;11(7):887. doi: 10.3390/plants11070887

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) retrieved from L220, NIL^220-3, and NIL^220-25 as compared to PH4CV at different germination conditions. (A–F) Venn diagram illustrating the up- and downregulated DEGs in L220 (A,B), NIL^220-3 (C,D), and NIL^220-25 (E,F) as compared to PH4CV at dry seed embryo stage (red cycle), and seedlings germinated at 25 °C for 3 days (blue cycle) and at 10 °C for 15 days (green cycle). (G) Distribution of tolerant line (L220, NIL^220-3, and NIL^220-25) specifically expressed LTGA genes on the maize genome. Circles from outer to inner showed reference genome (B73, AGPv4), QTLs identified for cold germination in a previous study [31], tolerant line (L220, NIL^220-3, and NIL^220-25) specifically expressed gene number in the 1 Mb bin region. Positive or negative numbers indicated up- or downregulated genes.