Table 6.
Regression Modeling of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning-Supportive School Policies and Practices Among Heterosexual Students
| Policies and practices | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gay/straight alliances |
Safe spaces |
Prohibit harassment |
Professional development |
HIV/STD testing and counseling |
Social/psych services |
LGBTQ-inclusive curricula |
Sum of all variables |
|
| Outcomes | aOR (95% CI) | |||||||
| Violence victimization | ||||||||
| Felt unsafe at, to, or from school | 0.77 (0.71–0.84) | 0.86 (0.76–0.98) | 0.66 (0.52–0.85) | 0.79 (0.72–0.86) | 0.90 (0.83–0.98) | 0.88 (0.81–0.95) | 1.01 (0.93–1.08) | 0.96 (0.94–0.97) |
| Threatened or injured with a weapon at school | 0.78 (0.71–0.86) | 1.01 (0.87–1.18) | 0.85 (0.61–1.17) | 0.88 (0.79–0.98) | 0.96 (0.87–1.06) | 1.00 (0.91–1.10) | 0.92 (0.84–0.99) | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) |
| Forced sex | 0.87 (0.80–0.96) | 0.80 (0.70–0.92) | 0.76 (0.56–1.02) | 0.92 (0.83–1.02) | 0.95 (0.87–1.04) | 0.95 (0.87–1.04) | 0.98 (0.90–1.05) | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) |
| Sexual dating violence | 0.98 (0.87–1.10) | 0.85 (0.71–1.01) | 0.86 (0.60–1.23) | 0.92 (0.81–1.05) | 0.96 (0.86–1.08) | 0.94 (0.84–1.05) | 0.87 (0.79–0.95) | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) |
| Physical dating violence | 0.86 (0.78–0.95) | 0.90 (0.77–1.05) | 1.13 (0.79–1.62) | 0.92 (0.82–1.03) | 0.98 (0.88–1.09) | 0.88 (0.80–0.97) | 0.94 (0.86–1.02) | 0.98 (0.95–1.00) |
| Bullying at school | 0.96 (0.90–1.03) | 1.02 (0.91–1.14) | 1.08 (0.84–1.39) | 0.95 (0.88–1.03) | 1.03 (0.96–1.11) | 1.07 (1.00–1.15) | 1.02 (0.96–1.08) | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) |
| Electronic bullying | 0.94 (0.87–1.02) | 0.98 (0.86–1.11) | 0.84 (0.65–1.08) | 0.95 (0.87–1.04) | 1.01 (0.94–1.10) | 1.03 (0.95–1.11) | 0.99 (0.93–1.06) | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) |
| Mental health | ||||||||
| Persistent feelings of sadness/hopelessness | 0.96 (0.91–1.01) | 0.92 (0.85–1.00) | 0.97 (0.81–1.16) | 0.91 (0.86–0.96) | 0.99 (0.93–1.04) | 1.00 (0.95–1.05) | 0.99 (0.95–1.04) | 0.98 (0.97–1.00) |
| Suicide-related behaviors | ||||||||
| Seriously considered suicide | 0.92 (0.86–0.99) | 0.88 (0.79–0.98) | 0.80 (0.64–1.01) | 0.96 (0.89–1.04) | 1.01 (0.94–1.09) | 1.03 (0.96–1.10) | 1.01 (0.95–1.07) | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) |
| Made a suicide plan | 0.89 (0.82–0.96) | 0.98 (0.86–1.12) | 0.95 (0.68–1.32) | 0.93 (0.85–1.02) | 0.96 (0.89–1.04) | 0.97 (0.90–1.05) | 1.01 (0.94–1.08) | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) |
| Attempted suicide | 0.78 (0.72–0.84) | 0.90 (0.79–1.02) | 0.97 (0.75–1.25) | 0.94 (0.85–1.03) | 1.05 (0.96–1.15) | 0.95 (0.87–1.03) | 0.92 (0.86–0.99) | 0.98 (0.96–0.99) |
| Suicide attempt requiring medical treatment | 0.74 (0.63–0.86) | 0.75 (0.60–0.94) | 0.74 (0.39–1.41) | 0.95 (0.78–1.14) | 1.01 (0.85–1.21) | 0.84 (0.72–0.99) | 0.93 (0.81–1.07) | 0.98 (0.94–1.01) |
| High-risk substance use | ||||||||
| Lifetime illicit drug use | 0.86 (0.78–0.96) | 0.87 (0.74–1.03) | 1.02 (0.64–1.64) | 0.93 (0.83–1.05) | 0.95 (0.85–1.06) | 0.98 (0.89–1.08) | 0.92 (0.84–1.01) | 0.97 (0.95–0.99) |
| Lifetime prescription pain medicine misuse | 0.97 (0.86–1.09) | 1.08 (0.88–1.31) | 0.88 (0.57–1.36) | 0.96 (0.85–1.09) | 0.94 (0.84–1.05) | 1.03 (0.92–1.15) | 0.90 (0.78–0.99) | 0.98 (0.96–1.01) |
| Lifetime injection drug use | 0.79 (0.65–0.98) | 0.96 (0.71–1.31) | 0.84 (0.41–1.73) | 0.79 (0.64–0.97) | 1.00 (0.81–1.24) | 0.90 (0.74–1.10) | 0.97 (0.81–1.16) | 0.95 (0.91–0.99) |
Results in bold are significant at p < 0.05 with Holm–Bonferroni correction.