TABLE 2.
Clinical characteristics and the LMNA variant
| LMNA (n = 60) | Non-LMNA (n = 55) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiac examination age, y | 46 (33–54) | 51 (36–57) | 0.259 |
| Sex, Females | 48 (80) | 46 (84) | 0.638 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.7 (21.7–27.6) | 31.5 (25.9–35.6) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 50 (83) | 52 (95) | 0.078 |
| Hypertension | 42 (70) | 36 (66) | 0.691 |
| Pancreatitis | 12 (20) | 20 (36) | 0.062 |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 123 (93–181) | 165 (128–239) | 0.006 |
| HbA1c, % | 7.0 (6.0–8.6) | 8.3 (7.1–9.2) | 0.009 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 279 (174–48 5) | 342 (246–896) | 0.038 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 193 (160–228) | 226 (174–293) | 0.007 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 93 (64–129) | 106 (65–145) | 0.367 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 38 (31–44) | 33 (29–42) | 0.138 |
| Non-HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 149 (116–192) | 187 (138–254) | 0.003 |
| Leptin†, ng/mL | 3.2 (1.5–7.78) | 12 (5.29–18.50) | <0.001 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 14 (23) | 16 (29) | 0.528 |
| Stroke | 4 (7) | 7 (13) | 0.348 |
| Arrhythmia | 27 (45) | 12 (22) | 0.011 |
| Atrial fib/flutter | 10 (17) | 2 (4) | 0.031 |
| PVC | 7 (12) | 1 (2) | 0.063 |
| PAC/SVPC | 5 (8) | 2 (4) | 0.442 |
| Sinus arrhythmia | 10 (17) | 7 (13) | 0.607 |
| Conduction abnormality | 13 (22) | 7 (13) | 0.229 |
| Axis deviation | 6 (10) | 3 (6) | 0.494 |
| Prolonged QT | 13 (22) | 10 (18) | 0.816 |
| Cardiomyopathy | 10 (17) | 3 (6) | 0.078 |
| Congestive heart failure | 11 (18) | 7 (13) | 0.451 |
| LV hypertrophy‡ | 13 (27) | 16 (40) | 0.256 |
| Diastolic dysfunction‡ | 9 (18) | 12 (30) | 0.219 |
| Valvular heart disease‡ | 18 (37) | 9 (23) | 0.170 |
Note: Values are median (interquartile range) or n (%).
BMI indicates body mass index; LDL, low density lipoprotein; HDL, high density lipoprotein; HbA1c, haemoglobin A1c; PVC, premature ventricular complex; PAC, premature atrial complex; SVPC, supraventricular premature complex.
†
Leptin levels are before metreleptin treatment closest to cardiac evaluation.
‡
Echocardiogram is available in 88 patients (48 LMNA and 40 non-LMNA). Seven patients with no complete gene sequencing for LMNA are excluded.