Table 2.
Associations between diabetes risk factors and undiagnosed pre-or type 2 diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 39 mmol/mol), Saharawi refugee camps Algeria, 2014; from logisitic regressions (n = 301 in adjusted analysis)
| Bivariate model | Adjusted modela | Regression coefficient (B) | Scoreb | Regression coefficient after shrinkage (B)c |
Scoreb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |||||
| Intercept | -4.16 | -3.76 | ||||
| Gender (female as reference) | 0.49 (0.25, 0.95) | |||||
| Age (vs.< 45 years) | ||||||
| ≥ 45 and < 60 years | 4.66 (2.09, 10.37) | 3.62 (1.51, 8.68) | 1.29 | 4 | 1.10 | 4 |
| ≥ 60 | 3.78 (1.64, 8.72) | 3.60 (1.45, 8.91) | 1.28 | 4 | 1.10 | 4 |
| BMIc (vs. < 25 kg/m2) | ||||||
| ≥ 25 and < 30 kg/m2 | 6.78 (2.65, 17.31) | 4.08 (1.40, 11.85) | 1.41 | 5 | 1.21 | 4 |
| ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 10.86 (4.25, 27.73) | 3.74 (1.12, 12.55) | 1.32 | 4 | 1.13 | 4 |
| WCd (vs. F: < 80 cm/M: < 94 cm) | ||||||
| F: ≥ 80 and < 88 cm/M: ≥ 94 and < 102 cm | 5.27 (1.73, 16.04) | 2.31 (0.65, 8.12) | 0.84 | 3 | 0.72 | 2 |
| F: ≥ 88/M: ≥ 102 | 10.84 (4.29, 27.38) | 3.57 (1.08, 11.77) | 1.27 | 4 | 1.09 | 4 |
| Physical activity (vs. none) | ||||||
| At least 30 min per day | 0.63 (0.32, 1.25) | |||||
| Intake of fruits and vegetables (vs. no) | ||||||
| At least once per day | 0.83 (0.41, 1.66) | |||||
| Blood pressure medication (vs. no) | 0.99 (0.97, 1.02) | |||||
| Diabetes in first-degree relative (vs. no) | 1.76 (0.82, 3.76) | |||||
a Adjusted model created by backward elimination (starting with all variables tested in bivariate models), variables significantly associated with undiagnosed prediabetes or T2D were kept in the model.
b Based on Schneeweiss’s scoring system [27] (Schneeweiss, 2003 #258)
c Calculated from internal validation using Bootstrap analysis
d Body mass index
e Waist circumference