Table 1.
NCs for targeting different aspects of αSynagg-associated neuropathology.
| Class | Nanocarrier | Therapeutic | Therapeutic Purpose | Modifications | Model | Challenge | Admin | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Synthetic | Silica NCs | Curcumin | Antioxidant, Antiamyloid | - | in vitro (PC-12) | αSyn | - | [42] |
| PLGA NCs | Dopamine | Neuro-protective | borneol (BBB) Lactoferrin (striatum) | in vivo (rats) | 6-OHDA | IN | [34**] | |
| - | restore lysosome acidification | - | in vitro (various) | Toxin and genetic models | - | [47] | ||
| in vivo (mice) | MPTP | Intra-cerebral | ||||||
| Polyethylenimine NCs | siRNA | aSyn gene silencing | - | in vivo (mice) | αSyn transgenic | ICV | [28] | |
| Lipid | Liposomes | - | in vitro (mouse primary neurons) | αSyn | - | [27] | ||
| Curcumin | Antioxidant, Antiamyloid | Ultrasound (BBB) Polysorbate 80 | in vivo (mice) | MPTP | IV | [37] | ||
| Curcumin, Piperine | Antioxidant, Antiamyloid, ALP repair | Glycerol monooleate (BBB) | in vitro (PC-12) | rotenone | - | [39] | ||
| in vivo (mice) | oral | |||||||
| - | αSyn fibrillation-inhibiting | Cholesterol, PEG | in vitro (PC-12) in vitro (SH-SY5Y) | αSyn transgenic | - | [46*] | ||
| Metal, metal oxide | DSPE-PEG-iron oxide NCs | EGCG | B6 (TfR -BBB) | in vitro (SH-SY5Y) | αSyn transgenic | - | [38**] | |
| in vivo (mice) | IV | |||||||
| Gold nanoclusters | - | N-isobutyryl-L-cysteine | in vitro | MPP+ | - | [43*] | ||
| in vivo (mice) | MPTP | Intra-peritoneal | ||||||
| Cerium Oxide nanoclusters | - | - | in vitro (SH-SY5Y) | αSynagg | - | [44] | ||
| in vivo (yeast cells) | αSyn transgenic | - | [45] | |||||
| Layered double hydroxide metal NCs | siRNA | αSyn gene silencing | - | in vitro (SH-SY5Y) | αSyn overexpressed | - | [26] | |
| Poly-saccharide | Glucan | αSyn (antigen) | Vaccine | rapamycin | in vivo (mice) | αSyn transgenic | Intra-peritoneal | [29] |
| Chitosan | Rotigotine | Dopamine agonist | - | in vitro (SH-SY5Y) in vivo (rats) | 6-OHDA | N/A | [40] | |
| haloperidol | IN | |||||||
| - | - | mAbs | anti-αSynagg | - | clinical trial | PD | IV | [30,31] |