Figure 1. The advantages of eDESE over ECS and DESE.

First, we proposed a new ECS and chose the best exponent c between 1 and 2 to properly control the type I error. Second, we first adopted three strategies to map SNP to genes to perform the unconditional gene-based association analysis with the improved ECS. Then the unconditional gene-based association analysis results were put into the conditional gene-based association analysis and the following iterative procedure. 5 kb: 5000 base pairs. 1 Mb: 10⁶ base pairs.