Fig. 5. Association between a 6-SNP GRS and risk of severe disease among cases with COVID-19 of European ancestry after stratifying by the presence of clinical risk factors.

a, Rate of severe disease in the AncestryDNA study (n = 25,353 cases with COVID-19, including 667 with severe disease). b, Rate of severe disease in the UKB study (n = 14,320 cases with COVID-19, including 951 with severe disease). High genetic risk (red bars): top 10% of the GRS. Low genetic risk (gray bars): bottom 90% of the GRS (that is, all other cases with COVID-19). The association between risk of severe disease and risk factors (for example, clinical risk factors) was estimated using logistic regression (two-sided test). Data are presented as the percentage of individuals with severe disease ± s.e.