Table 3.

Summary of studies evaluating ecological coherence of MPA networks in the Baltic Sea, Kattegat and Skagerrak

Geografical area	Year	Organism	Species	Type av connectivity	References	Publication	Resultats
Baltic Sea	2007	Macrophytes/Macroalgae/Inverts/Fish	5 key organisms	Larval disp + nursery gounds	Piekäinen and Korpinen (2007)	Report	Partly coherent
Baltic Sea	2007	Fish	Herring	Spawning + nursery grounds	Bergström et al. (2007)	Report	Partly coherent
Baltic Sea	2010	Macrophytes/Macroalgae/Inverts/Fish	5 key organisms	Larval disp + nursery gounds	HELCOM (2010)	Report	Partly coherent
Baltic Sea	2011	Fish	Pike, Perch, Pike-perch, Roach	Nursery grounds	Sundblad et al. (2011)	Article	Not coherent
Baltic Sea	2012	Inverts/Fish	Several	Larval disp	Corell et al. (2012)	Article	Not coherent
Baltic Sea	2012	Inverts	Blue mussel	Larval disp	Nilsson Jacobi et al. (2012)	Article	Not coherent
Baltic Sea	2015	–	–	Larval disp	Wolters et al. (2015)	Report	Not coherent
Baltic Sea	2017	Macrophytes/Macroalgae/Inverts/Fish	5 key organisms	Larval disp + nursery gounds	HELCOM (2016)	Report	Not coherent
Baltic Sea	2018	Macrophytes/Macroalgae/Inverts/Fish	Several	Distribution maps/distance-based connectivity (all life-stages)	Virtanen et al. (2018)	Article	Not coherent
Baltic Sea	2019	Inverts/Fish	Several	Larval disp	Jonsson et al. (2020)	Article	Not coherent
Baltic Sea/Kattegatt/Skagerrak	2021	Macrophytes/Macroalgae/Inverts/Fish	Several	Larval disp	Assis et al. (2021)	Article	Not coherent
Kattegatt/Skagerrak	2013/2014	Macrophytes/Macroalgae/Inverts/Fish	Several	Larval/seed disp + nursery gounds	Johnson et al. (2013, 2014)	Report + Article	Not coherent
Kattegatt/Skagerrak	2014	Inverts/Fish	45 fish + 80 inverts	Larval disp	Moksnes et al. (2014b, a)	Report	Not coherent
Kattegatt/Skagerrak	2015	Inverts/Fish	Several	Larval disp	Moksnes et al. (2015)	Report	Not coherent
Kattegatt/Skagerrak	2016	Inverts/Fish	Several	Larval disp	Jonsson et al. (2016a, b)	Article	Not coherent