Table 1.

Change in optical and thermodynamics parameters during dust storm w.r.to 2015–2019 climatology.

Satellite sensors	Model reanalysis	Variables	Event mean ± 1σ	Climatology (mean ± 1σ)	% Change (mean)
MODIS		AOD (550 nm)	0.91 ± 0.86	0.35 ± 0.23	160
OMI		AOD (500 nm)	1.15 ± 0.66	0.51 ± 0.23	125.5
	CAMS	AOD (550 nm)	0.71 ± 0.58	0.29 ± 0.16	144.8
		DUST AOD (550 nm)	0.53 ± 0.5	0.13 ± 0.12	307.7
	MERRA2	AOD (550 nm)	0.74 ± 0.63	0.27 ± 0.17	174.1
		DUST AOD (550 nm)	0.67 ± 0.6	0.19 ± 0.16	252.6
		ANG (470–800)	0.12 ± 0.18	0.3 ± 0.2	− 60
OMI		AI (360 nm)	1.68 ± 1.65	0.72 ± 0.61	133.3
OMI		SSA (354 nm)	0.84 ± 0.03	0.86 ± 0.27	− 2.3
	MERRA2	ARF TOA	− 20 ± 14	8.13 ± 5.22	153.4
		ARF BOA	− 36 ± 22	− 13.37 ± 7.6	169.3
		ARF ATM	15.4 ± 101	5.54 ± 3.65	193.9
AIRS		Temperature	21.7 ± 4	20.1 ± 3.18	8
AIRS		Relative humidity (RH)	64.5 ± 21.2	67 ± 20	− 3.7
Radiosonde		Temperature	18.39 ± 4.8	15.75 ± 2.77	16.8
		Relative Humidity (RH)	72.3 ± 15	73.9 ± 9.5	− 2.16