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. 2022 Mar 30;13:880879. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.880879

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Structure of CARD-containing proteins. There are four sub-groups of CARD-containing proteins, and representative protein structure for each sub-group is shown. ICEBERG belongs to CARD-only proteins. CARMA1-3 belongs to CC-CARDs, which consist of N-terminal CARD, C-terminal CC domains and MAGUK domain (PDZ, SH3 and GUK domain). NOD2, one of the NBD-CARDs, is characterized by two CARD domains at N-terminal and a NOD domain at C-terminal, and can bind with CARD9 via the CARD domain. CARD9 contains a CARD domain at N-terminal and two CC domains at C-terminal, thus belonging to the CC-CARDs. Ubiquitination at K125 is through TRIM62-mediated binding with CARD9 at its C-terminal, while deubiquitination of K125 is a USP15-mediated process. BCL10 comprises of a CARD domain at N-terminal and serine-/threonine (S/T)-rich region at C-terminal, belonging to the bipartite-CARDs. MALT1 consists of an N-terminal death domain (DD), immunoglobulin-like (Ig) domains, and a C-terminal caspase-like catalytic domain. CARD9 binds with BCL10 through CARD-CARD domain, and MALT1 Ig-like domains interact with BCL10 S/T-rich region, thereby forming the CPM complex. (All the figures in the review were created with BioRender.com).