Table 2.
Comparison of characteristics by participants’ smoking status at the end of study
| Characteristic | Continuing to smoke at 12 months | Self-reported smoking cessation at 12 months | Biochemically-verified smoking cessation at 12 months |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total (row %) | 128 (58.7) | 77 (35.3) | 13 (6.0) |
| Demographic factors | |||
| Age, median years (IQR) | 50 (37.5 – 59) | 50 (38 – 61) | 56 (51 – 61) |
| Highest level of education attained, n (%) | |||
| Less than primary | 2 (0.6) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) |
| Primary | 2 (1.6) | 3 (3.9) | 0 (0) |
| Lower secondary | 52 (40.6) | 32 (41.6) | 6 (46.2) |
| Upper secondary | 47 (36.7) | 25 (32.5) | 6 (46.2) |
| University degree, or equivalent, or higher | 25 (19.5) | 16 (20.8) | 1 (7.7) |
| Smoking-related factors | |||
| Median average number of cigarettes/day (IQR)* | 20 (10 – 30) | 20 (10 – 30) | 10 (5 – 17.5) |
| Score on the Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence (IQR)* | 6 (5 – 8) | 6 (5 – 7) | 5 (2.5 – 6) |
| Median years smoking (IQR) | 22 (15 – 40) | 30 (15 – 40) | 30 (30 – 36) |
| Ever attempted to quit in the past, n (%) | 92 (71.9) | 60 (77.9) | 9 (69.2) |
| Drink alcohol every day, n (%) | 44 (34.4) | 33 (42.9) | 3 (23.1) |
| Drink caffeinated drinks every day, n (%) | 95 (74.2) | 50 (64.9) | 10 (76.9) |
| Living with at least one other smoker, n (%) | 32 (25.0) | 17 (22.1) | 3 (23.1) |
| Reasons given to quit, n (%) | |||
| Personal health condition | 123 (96.1) | 73 (94.8) | 12 (92.3) |
| Family’s health | 15 (11.7) | 11 (14.3) | 2 (15.4) |
| Expense | 8 (6.3) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) |
| Quitting-related factors | |||
| Advised to quit by referral doctor, n (%)† | 103 (87.3) | 64 (90.1) | 11 (100) |
| Received written material from referring doctor, n (%)‡ | 68 (57.6) | 40 (56.3) | 6 (54.6) |
| Days from baseline to target quit date, n (%)§ | |||
| Less than 14 days | 87 (68.5) | 62 (79.5) | 11 (100) |
| 14 days or more, or did not commit to a target quit date | 40 (31.5) | 16 (20.5) | 0 (0) |
| Number of successful counselling phone calls, median (IQR)§ | 7 (5 – 8) | 8 (7 – 8) | 8 (7 – 8) |
*63 missing values; †18 missing values; §Statistically significant (p < 0.05)
IQR, interquartile range