TABLE 1.

Example publications concerning the alignment of BMI and HIT to support and enable COVID‐19 response efforts

Publication	Summary of efforts and outcomes
Reeves, J. Jeffery, Hannah M. Hollandsworth, Francesca J. Torriani, Randy Taplitz, Shira Abeles, Ming Tai‐Seale, Marlene Millen, Brian J. Clay, and Christopher A. Longhurst. 2020. “Rapid Response to COVID‐19: Health Informatics Support for Outbreak Management in an Academic Health System.” Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association: JAMIA 27 (6): 853‐59.	This report described rapid‐cycle innovation projects involving the design, implementation, and evaluation of screening processes, laboratory testing protocols, clinical decision support rooks, reporting tools, and patient‐facing technologies as part of a comprehensive COVID‐19 response at UC San Diego Health. Such efforts involve close coordination of BMI and HIT leaders and practitioners, and positioned the health system to respond rapidly and efficiently to the dynamic challenges surrounding COVID‐19 diagnosis and management, as well as public health policies and interventions. 18
Kannampallil, Thomas G., Randi E. Foraker, Albert M. Lai, Keith F. Woeltje, and Philip R. O. Payne. 2020. “When Past Is Not a Prologue: Adapting Informatics Practice during a Pandemic.” Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association: JAMIA 27 (7): 1142‐46.	This perspective introduces a pragmatic framework used at Washington University in St. Louis and BJC Healthcare in order to address functional needs in the areas of improved COVID‐19 diagnostic processes, the development of predictive models of disease spread and patient trajectories once admitted to the hospital, and the management of personnel and equipment in response to epidemiological trends. Central to this framework is the rapid “translation” of novel solutions from BMI innovation programs into scalable, enterprise‐wide HIT solutions. 19
Dixon, Brian E., Shaun J. Grannis, Connor McAndrews, Andrea A. Broyles, Waldo Mikels‐Carrasco, Ashley Wiensch, Jennifer L. Williams, Umberto Tachinardi, and Peter J. Embi. 2021. “Leveraging Data Visualization and a Statewide Health Information Exchange to Support COVID‐19 Surveillance and Response: Application of Public Health Informatics.” Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association: JAMIA 28 (7): 1363‐73.	This report presents lessons learned from efforts spanning the state of Indiana to develop and implement population‐level dashboards that collated information on individuals tested for and infected with COVID‐19, working in partnership with state and local public health agencies as well as health systems. These efforts are situated within the context of a broader, statewide HIE, while also leveraging BMI expertise and developments produced by the teams at Indiana University and the Regenstrief Institute. 17
Madhavan, Subha, Lisa Bastarache, Jeffrey S. Brown, Atul J. Butte, David A. Dorr, Peter J. Embi, Charles P. Friedman, et al. 2021. “Use of Electronic Health Records to Support a Public Health Response to the COVID‐19 Pandemic in the United States: A Perspective from 15 Academic Medical Centers.” Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association: JAMIA 28 (2): 393‐401.	This report presents the findings of an environmental scan of EHR‐based data‐sharing efforts at 15 academic health centers, where such data are being transmitted and analyzed in support of both public health surveillance at a regional or national level, as well as local decision‐making and operational planning. The primary outcome of the survey is a set of conclusions concerning the deleterious impacts of uncoordinated efforts at the national and regional levels, particularly as they relate to integration across and between relevant BMI and HIT knowledge and practices, that resulted in unnecessary delays in understanding, predicting, preparing for, containing, and mitigating the COVID‐19 pandemic in the US. 16
Patel PD, Cobb J, Wright D, Turer RW, Jordan T, Humphrey A, Kepner AL, Smith G, Rosenbloom ST. “Rapid development of telehealth capabilities within pediatric patient portal infrastructure for COVID‐19 care: barriers, solutions, results.” Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association: JAMIA 2020 Jul 1;27(7):1116‐1120.	This report presents the experience from Vanderbilt University Medical Center, where operational health IT and academic informatics colleagues worked quickly at the start of the COVID‐19 pandemic to address unprecedented, surging demand for telehealth expansion in the relatively complex pediatric healthcare environment. The multidisciplinary team's design and implementation process was accomplished in a matter of days. The report describes a pathway for efficiently and robustly increasing capacity (eg, weekly telehealth visits increased 200‐fold for children aged 0‐12 years and 90‐fold for adolescents aged 13‐17 years) of remote pediatric enrollment for telehealth, while fulfilling privacy, security, and convenience concerns. 32