Table 1.
Basic demographics of the ALLIANCE cohort
| Severe asthma | Mild-moderate asthma | Healthy controls | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 86 | 106 | 41 | |
| Age (yrs) | 56.2 ± 13.4 | 48.5 ± 13.0 | 46.3 ± 19.3 | P = 0.0001 a |
| Male | 40 (47) | 45 (42) | 24 (59) | P = 0.213 c |
| Body-mass-index | 29.2 ± 6.9 | 26.8 ± 4.5 | 24.8 ± 3.9 | P < 0.0001 a |
| Current or former smoker ≥ 10PY | 23(27) | 28(26) | 3(7) | P = 0.030 c |
| Pack years (yrs) | 6.9 ± 11.6 | 7.5 ± 13.6 | 1.4 ± 3.6 | P = 0.005 c |
| Blood Eosinophils | 0.43 ± 0.3 | 0.38 ± 0.4 | 0.17 ± 0.1 | P < 0.0001 a |
| Blood Neutrophils | 5.90 ± 2.8 | 4.00 ± 1.3 | 3.10 ± 1.0 | P < 0.0001 a |
| C1M ng/mL | 41.0 ± 44.1 | 31.0 ± 21.1 | 24.1 ± 12.4 | P = 0.001 a |
| Clinical variables | ||||
| FEV1 (L) | 2.2 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 3.7 ± 0.9 | P < 0.0001 a |
| FEV1 (% predicted) | 76.8 ± 21.4 | 94.0 ± 18.2 | 107.9 ± 10.1 | P < 0.0001 a |
| FVC (L) | 3.6 ± 1.0 | 4.1 ± 1.0 | 4.8 ± 1.1 | P < 0.0001 a |
| FVC (% predicted) | 97.8 ± 18.3 | 107.5 ± 15.5 | 113.6 ± 14.5 | P < 0.0001 a |
| FEV1/FVC | 0.60 ± 0.1 | 0.68 ± 0.1 | 0.76 ± 0.1 | P < 0.0001 a |
| sReff (kPa*s/L) | 1.8 ± 1.2 | 1.2 ± 0.8 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | P < 0.0001 a |
| sReff (% predicted) | 173.5 ± 118.9 | 116.2 ± 79.5 | 69.9 ± 20.1 | P < 0.0001 a |
| R5Hz (kPa/l/s) | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | P < 0.0001 a |
| ≥2 severe exacerbations in last 12 months | 48(56) | 19(18) | n/a | P < 0.0001 c |
| Treatments | ||||
| ICS (µg/day fluticasone) | 972.8 ± 492.6 | 302.0 ± 193.7 | n/a | P < 0.0001 b |
| OCS | 39 (45) | 0 | n/a |
Data are shown as mean ± SD or number (%). PY pack-years, FEV1 post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FVC forced vital capacity, sReff body plethysmography, specific effective airway resistance, R5Hz impulse oscillometry, resistance at 5 Hz, ICS inhaled corticosteroids, OCS oral corticosteroids, PY pack years, n/a not applicable. Statistical significance was determined using Kruskal-Wallisa, Mann-Whitney U testb, or chi-squared testc between the three groups