Table 3.
Process innovation, closure, performance, and expectations.
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | (11) | (12) | (13) | (14) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close1 | Close17 | Close19 | CFshort | Sales | WeeksSur | NeverReco | Close1 | Close17 | Close19 | CFshort | Sales | WeeksSur | NeverReco | |
| Process | −0.343*** | −0.179*** | −0.204** | −0.138*** | 2.880*** | 0.068** | −0.345*** | −0.175** | −0.130** | −0.083 | −0.086** | 1.915** | 0.031 | −0.397*** |
| (0.0808) | (0.0478) | (0.0944) | (0.0378) | (0.9010) | (0.0265) | (0.1028) | (0.0800) | (0.0514) | (0.1075) | (0.0413) | (0.7644) | (0.0283) | (0.1363) | |
| Medium | −0.151*** | −0.014 | −0.147* | −0.077* | 1.758** | 0.014 | 0.042 | |||||||
| (0.0583) | (0.0357) | (0.0865) | (0.0447) | (0.7000) | (0.0252) | (0.1029) | ||||||||
| Large | −0.280*** | 0.105** | −0.512*** | −0.206*** | 4.226*** | 0.065** | 0.173 | |||||||
| (0.0837) | (0.0523) | (0.1590) | (0.0572) | (1.1363) | (0.0308) | (0.1248) | ||||||||
| Training | −0.144** | −0.111*** | −0.074 | −0.027 | −0.082 | 0.056** | −0.321*** | |||||||
| (0.0693) | (0.0390) | (0.0735) | (0.0319) | (0.5678) | (0.0216) | (0.1090) | ||||||||
| Productivity | −0.074*** | −0.026* | −0.076*** | −0.104*** | 2.332*** | 0.051*** | −0.109*** | |||||||
| (0.0171) | (0.0135) | (0.0180) | (0.0197) | (0.3123) | (0.0129) | (0.0340) | ||||||||
| Access Fin. | 0.069*** | 0.037*** | 0.026 | 0.033** | −0.645** | −0.022** | 0.118*** | |||||||
| (0.0255) | (0.0128) | (0.0292) | (0.0161) | (0.2823) | (0.0099) | (0.0285) | ||||||||
| Quality | 0.088 | 0.082* | −0.065 | −0.060 | 2.332** | 0.006 | 0.025 | |||||||
| (0.0640) | (0.0461) | (0.1182) | (0.0430) | (0.9187) | (0.0227) | (0.1001) | ||||||||
| Age | −0.108** | −0.105*** | −0.079 | −0.028 | 1.086** | 0.033* | −0.016 | |||||||
| (0.0474) | (0.0297) | (0.0539) | (0.0269) | (0.5350) | (0.0193) | (0.0877) | ||||||||
| Experience | 0.025 | −0.023 | 0.099 | 0.010 | −1.233** | 0.007 | 0.016 | |||||||
| (0.0488) | (0.0279) | (0.0761) | (0.0284) | (0.5522) | (0.0197) | (0.0857) | ||||||||
| Website | −0.242*** | −0.165*** | −0.120* | 0.002 | −0.095 | 0.110*** | −0.005 | |||||||
| (0.0568) | (0.0390) | (0.0711) | (0.0435) | (0.9919) | (0.0301) | (0.0855) | ||||||||
| Foreign | 0.155* | 0.157*** | 0.344*** | −0.031 | 0.472 | 0.058* | 0.052 | |||||||
| (0.0813) | (0.0543) | (0.1295) | (0.0470) | (0.9230) | (0.0336) | (0.1467) | ||||||||
| Exporter | −0.076 | −0.053 | −0.085 | −0.047 | −0.820 | 0.114*** | −0.155 | |||||||
| (0.0668) | (0.0395) | (0.1235) | (0.0463) | (0.9925) | (0.0281) | (0.1230) | ||||||||
| Female Mang. | 0.001 | −0.018 | 0.203*** | −0.026 | −0.252 | −0.129*** | −0.020 | |||||||
| (0.0614) | (0.0373) | (0.0729) | (0.0380) | (0.8637) | (0.0278) | (0.1207) | ||||||||
| Capital City | 0.075 | 0.037 | 0.186* | 0.222*** | −1.868 | −0.014 | 0.236** | |||||||
| (0.1225) | (0.0787) | (0.1110) | (0.0559) | (1.3586) | (0.0472) | (0.1201) | ||||||||
| Stringency Index | 0.028*** | 0.018*** | 0.015** | 0.002 | −0.062 | 0.009* | 0.011 | |||||||
| (0.0053) | (0.0034) | (0.0069) | (0.0045) | (0.0511) | (0.0049) | (0.0115) | ||||||||
| Industry F.E. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Region F.E. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| _cons | −0.626*** | −1.700*** | −1.179*** | 1.204*** | −32.005*** | 1.856*** | −2.857*** | −2.044*** | −2.540*** | −2.187*** | 2.401*** | −56.197*** | 0.295 | −2.714** |
| (0.1242) | (0.0630) | (0.1960) | (0.0728) | (1.3816) | (0.0404) | (0.2934) | (0.3458) | (0.3908) | (0.5034) | (0.3677) | (5.5522) | (0.3463) | (1.1785) | |
| Observations | 13,567 | 15,155 | 10,685 | 10,999 | 10,608 | 9,011 | 6,542 | 10,567 | 12,006 | 7,716 | 8,613 | 8,496 | 7,607 | 4,950 |
| R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.0784 | 0.0772 | 0.1055 | 0.0996 | 0.2037 | 0.1104 | 0.0614 | 0.1005 | 0.0954 | 0.1123 | 0.0978 | 0.2043 | 0.1285 | 0.0949 |
Significant at 1%;
significant at 5%;
significant at 10%.
Clustered standard errors in parentheses, errors are clustered at the regions level.