Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
| PNI | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | <51 (n = 6,074) | 51–55 (n = 7,704) | >55 (n = 6,338) | P-value |
| Age (years) | 57.0 (42.0–71.0) | 47.0 (32.0–62.0) | 39.0 (26.0–55.0) | <0.001 |
| Gender, male, n (%) | 2,585 (42.6%) | 3,663 (47.5%) | 3,598 (56.8%) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 3,019 (49.7%) | 2,966 (38.5%) | 2,059 (32.5%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 1,260 (20.7%) | 1,125 (14.6%) | 766 (12.1%) | <0.001 |
| Race, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Mexican American | 702 (11.6%) | 1,248 (16.2%) | 1,090 (17.2%) | |
| Non-Hispanic white | 2,843 (46.8%) | 3,332 (43.3%) | 2,731 (43.1%) | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 1,518 (25.0%) | 1,540 (20.0%) | 1,097 (17.3%) | |
| Other Hispanic | 555 (9.1%) | 831 (10.8%) | 675 (10.7%) | |
| Other races | 456 (7.5%) | 753 (9.8%) | 745 (11.8%) | |
| Hypotensive drugs, n (%) | 2,129 (35.1%) | 1,915 (24.9%) | 1,161 (18.3%) | <0.001 |
| Hypoglycemic drugs, n (%) | 870 (14.3%) | 773 (10.0%) | 491 (7.7%) | <0.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 954 (15.7%) | 677 (8.8%) | 383 (6.0%) | <0.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 2,665 (43.8%) | 3,342 (43.4%) | 2,965 (46.8%) | <0.001 |
| Drinking, n (%) | 3,816 (62.8%) | 5,090 (66.1%) | 4,223 (66.6%) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.6 (24.7–33.5) | 27.5 (23.9–31.9) | 26.9 (23.4–31.1) | <0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 123.0 (111.0–136.0) | 119.0 (110.0–131.0) | 119.0 (110.0–129.0) | <0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 69.0 (61.0–77.0) | 70.0 (63.0–77.0) | 71.0 (63.0–77.0) | <0.001 |
| Lymphocyte count (10∧9/L) | 1.6 (1.3–1.9) | 2.3 (2.0–2.7) | 3.1 (2.6–3.6) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 184.0 (159.0–211.0) | 188.0 (163.0–216.0) | 191.0 (164.0–220.0) | <0.001 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 108.0 (74.0–159.0) | 113.0 (76.0–173.0) | 127.0 (83.0–195.0) | <0.001 |
| HDL, mg/dL | 52.0 (43.0–63.0) | 51.0 (42.0–62.0) | 49.0 (41.0–59.0) | <0.001 |
| LDL, mg/dL | 105.1 (83.0–128.0) | 108.0 (86.0–132.4) | 109.6 (87.0–134.9) | <0.001 |
| AST, U/L | 22.0 (19.0–27.0) | 23.0 (20.0–27.0) | 24.0 (20.0–28.0) | <0.001 |
| ALT, U/L | 19.0 (15.0–25.0) | 21.0 (16.0–28.0) | 22.0 (17.0–30.0) | <0.001 |
| Albumin, g/L | 40.0 (38.0–42.0) | 43.0 (41.0–44.0) | 45.0 (43.0–47.0) | <0.001 |
| UA, umol/L | 315.2 (261.7–374.7) | 315.2 (261.7–368.8) | 327.1 (273.6–386.6) | <0.001 |
| eGFR, mg/min/1.73 m2 | 81.1 (65.0–97.9) | 86.9 (71.9–104.3) | 89.4 (75.4–104.9) | <0.001 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.6 (5.3–6.0) | 5.5 (5.2–5.8) | 5.4 (5.2–5.8) | <0.001 |
| GNRI | 101.3 (98.3–102.7) | 105.7 (102.7–107.2) | 108.7 (105.7–111.7) | <0.001 |
| TCBI | 1,604.8 (964.7–2,638.6) | 1,698.9 (987.6–2,889.5) | 1,916.0 (1,060.3–3,314.9) | <0.001 |
| COUNT score, ≥3, n (%) | 859 (14.1%) | 137 (1.8%) | 20 (0.3%) | <0.001 |
Values are given as median and interquartile range or numbers and percentages.
PNI, Prognostic Nutritional Index; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, High-density lipoprotein; LDL, Low-density lipoprotein; AST, aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; UA, uric acid; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; GNRI, Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index; CONUT score, Controlling Nutritional Status score; TCBI, Triglycerides × Total Cholesterol × Body Weight Index.