Fig. 2.

Lipid and polar metabolites associated with NAFLD fibrosis.

Heat maps of features changing significantly (p <0.05 in ANOVA and/or Tukey HSD analyses) across (A) Kleiner fibrosis scores and (B) Kleiner steatosis scores. Each coloured cell represents the median value of a given feature across all samples in that fibrosis group. Colour bars denote magnitude of change in the level of that lipid/polar metabolite, with orange/blue depicting relatively higher/lower levels (within feature). Rows are clustered for clarity (dendrogram removed for clarity). All cells in the heat map represent the median value of a given lipid/polar metabolite for all individuals in that fibrosis (A) or steatosis (B) group. (C) A volcano plot depicting the median fold changes (x-axis) occurring in both lipids and metabolites between clinically rated NAFL vs. NASH, those in orange/blue having significantly increased/decreased in NASH. The 4 greatest significances for both increases and decreases in the levels are listed as examples. CE, cholesterol ester; Cer, ceramide; HSD, honest significant difference; LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; NAFL, non-alcoholic fatty liver; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; SM, sphingomyelin; TG, triacylglycerol.