Table 4.
Author year | Serum 25(OH)D Reference Cut Points | Level of Detection (LOD) | Adjustments made for season at time of 25(OH)D sample donation | Timing of 25(OH)D sample donation in cases | Multiple 25(OH)D assessments | Method of 25(OH)D assessment | Star rating |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
Abbas 2009 | Apriori cut points <30 nmol/L 30–34 nmol/L 45–60 nmol/L ≥60 nmol/L <12 ng/mL 12–18 ng/mL 18–24 ng/mL ≥24 ng/mL |
No data | Yes – covariate in statistical analysis | Average 189 days after diagnosis | No | Immunodiagnostic Systems Limited enzyme immunoassay 1 batch CV = 3.1% intra-assay CV = 3.3% interassay 10% duplicate measures with average absolute deviation = 1.7% |
*** |
Abulkhair 2015 | Apriori cut points ≤25 nmol/L >25 nmol/L ≤10 ng/mL >10 ng/mL |
No data | No | Initial visit with oncologist | No | DiaSorin Liaison CLIA (No CV data provided) |
** |
Crew 2009 | Apriori cut points <20 ng/mL 20–29 ng/mL 30–39 ng/mL ≥40 ng/mL |
Range of measures in study was 0–103 ng/mL. Only one subject had a value of 0 ng/mL. | Yes – covariate in statistical analysis | Variable – average of 60 days between time of diagnosis and blood draw. 20% of cases received chemotherapy before blood collection. | No | DiaSorin RIA Cases and controls assayed in each of 8 batches Respective accuracy and precision: @ 17 ng/mL = +4%, 15% @48 ng/mL = +7, 18% @57 ng/mL = +15%, 15% |
** |
Eliassen 2011 | Quartile cut points <18.4 ng/mL 18.4–< 24.6 ng/mL 24.6–<30.6 ng/mL ≥30.6 ng/mL |
No cases below LOD | Yes – covariate in statistical analysis | Mean 57 months (Range 1–127) before diagnosis |
No | RIA CV = 10.7% or 6.0%, based on sample batch |
*** |
Eliassen 2016 | Apriori cut points <30 ng/mL ≥30 ng/mL |
No cases below LOD | Yes – stratified statistical analysis by season (summer/winter) of blood draw | Mean 7.9 years (Range 1 month to 20 years) before diagnosis | Yes – 413 cases and controls contributed two measures of 25(OH)D | Analyzed in 7 batches Batches 1 & 2 – PBA Batch 3 – RIA Batches 4–7 CLIA CV for batches 1–3 = 18.1%–21.8% CV for batches 4–7 = 6.5%–9.4% |
**** |
Kuhn 2013 | Season standardized apriori cut points ≤39.3 nmol/L >39.3 – 50.9 nmol/L >50.9 – 63.0 nmol/L >63.0 nmol/L ≤15.7 ng/mL >15.7 – 20.4 ng/mL >20.4 – 25.2 ng/mL >25.2 ng/mL |
Lower LOD <6.7 nmol/L (2.7 ng/mL) 5 cases excluded with 25(OH) D below LOD |
Yes – used season standardized 25(OH)D values | Mean 4.1 years (+/−2.8 years) before diagnosis | No | OCTEIA 25(OH)D enzyme immunoassay CV @ 23.0 nmol/L = 3.7–6.6% CV@ 42.6 nmol/L = 5.6–10.9% |
*** |
McCullough 2009 | Tertile cut points <45.9 nmol/L 45.9–64.2 nmol/L ≥64.2 nmol/L <18.4 ng/mL 18.4–25.7 ng/mL ≥25.7 ng/mL |
No Lower LOD. No cases excluded for 25(OH)D level. Lowest case reported was 7.5 nmol/L (3 ng/mL) and lowest control was 7.8 nmol/L (3.1 ng/mL). | Yes – covariate in statistical analysis | Range <1 month to 6.9 years before diagnosis | No | DiaSorin Liaison CLIA CV range = 6.4–8.8% |
**** |
Park 2015 | Apriori cut points <20 ng/mL ≥20 ng/mL |
No lower LOD established. No cases excluded on this basis. | No | Time of diagnosis | No | DiaSorin RIA used for both cases and controls. However, cases and controls were analyzed at different laboratories. (No CV data provided) |
** |
Peppone 2012 | Apriori cut points <20 ng/mL 20–31 ng/mL <32 ng/mL ≥32 ng/mL |
Lower LOD = 5 ng/mL One case was below LOD and assigned a value of 5 ng/mL |
Yes – covariate in statistical analysis | Blood sample taken prior to surgery, mean 30.1 days | No | January – June 2009 – CLIA After June 24, 2009 – LC-MS/MS LC-MS/MS levels were 14% higher than CLIA levels, controlling for age, race, and month of test. (No CV data provided) |
*** |
Rejnmark 2009 | Tertile cut points <60 nmol/L 60–84 nmol/L >84 nmol/L 24 ng/mL 24–33.6 ng/mL 33.6 ng/mL |
Lower LOD <10 nmol/L (4 ng/mL). Persons with levels below the LOD were assigned a value of 9 nmol/L (3.6 ng/mL) | No | Prior to mammogram/study enrollment – average time unclear | No | ID-LC-MS/MS CV@ 41.2 nmol/L = 8.8% CV@ 25.3 nmol/L = 9.4% |
*** |
Scarmo 2013 | NSMSC season-adjusted quintiles+ <40.09 nmol/L 40.09–49.57 nmol/L 49.58–57.37 nmol/L 57.38–67.95 nmol/L >67.95 nmol/L <16.0 ng/mL 16.0–19.8 ng/mL 19.8–22.9 ng/mL 23.0–27.2 ng/mL >27.2 ng/mL NYUWHS season-adjusted quintiles+ <38.18 nmol/L 38.18–50.14 nmol/L 50.15–60.77 nmol/L 60.78–73.64 nmol/L >73.64 nmol/L <15.3 ng/mL 15.3–20.1 ng/mL 20.1–24.3 ng/mL 24.3–29.5 ng/mL >29.5 ng/mL |
No cases below LOD | Yes – used season standardized 25(OH)D values | At study enrollment. Mean 8.7 years before diagnosis. | Yes – 678 cases and 1208 controls contributed two measures of 25(OH)D, at least 1 year apart. Average time between sample donations was 2.1 years in the NYUWHS cohort and 4.4 years in the NSMSC cohort. | DiaSorin Liaison CLIA CV (NYUWHS) Intra-assay = 9.5% Inter-assay = 11.4% CV (NSMSC) Intra-assay = 7.4% Inter-assay = 9.0% |
***** |
Shirazi 2016 | Tertile cut points ≤ 76 nmol/L ≥77–≤97 nmol/L ≥98 nmol/L ≤ 30.4 ng/mL ≥ 30.8–≤38.8 ng/mL ≥39.2 ng/mL |
No data | Yes – covariate in statistical analysis | Mean 7.0 years (SD = 3.8) before diagnosis | No | HPLC CV@ 70 nmol/L = 8.5% CV@ 210 nmol/L = 7.1% |
**** |
Yao 2011 | Apriori cut points <26.2 ng/mL >26.2 ng/mL |
No cases below LOD | Yes – used season standardized 25(OH)D values | Prior to surgery or any adjuvant treatment (27-day average between diagnosis and blood draw) | No | DiaSorin Liaison CLIA CV = 8.8% |
**** |
Yao 2014 | Apriori cut points <20 ng/mL 20–29.9 ng/mL ≥30 ng/mL |
No cases below LOD | Yes – covariate in statistical analysis | Prior to surgery or any adjuvant treatment | No | DiaSorin Liaison CLIA CV = 8.8% |
**** |
Abbreviations: CLIA – Chemiluminescent Immunoassay, CV – Coefficient of Variation, HPLC – High Performance Liquid Chromatography, ID-LC-MS/MS – Isotope Dilution Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry, LC-MS/MS – Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry, PBA – Protein Binding Assay, RIA – Radioimmunoassay.
Quintile values were provided through communication with the author and did not appear in the published article.