Table 2.

Cox proportional hazard models for the association between TyG index and incident diabetes.

	Incident diabetes						Nonlinear p-value
	Crude model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	HR (95% CI)	p-Value	HR (95% CI)	p-Value	HR (95% CI)	p-Value
Total
TyG (continuous)	1.80 (1.61, 2.02)	<0.001	1.83 (1.63, 2.05)	<0.001	1.75 (1.56, 1.97)	<0.001	0.221
TyG (quartile)
Q1	1		1		1
Q2	1.16 (0.93, 1.46)	0.203	1.16 (0.92, 1.46)	0.202	1.13 (0.90, 1.42)	0.290
Q3	1.93 (1.57, 2.37)	<0.001	1.93 (1.57, 2.37)	<0.001	1.82 (1.48, 2.24)	<0.001
Q4	2.31 (1.89, 2.82)	<0.001	2.33 (1.91, 2.85)	<0.001	2.18 (1.78, 2.66)	<0.001
NFG
TyG (continuous)	1.74 (1.37, 2.20)	<0.001	1.75 (1.38, 2.21)	<0.001	1.69 (1.33, 2.15)	<0.001	0.665
TyG (quartile)
Q1	1		1		1
Q2	1.04 (0.72, 1.51)	0.826	1.03 (0.71, 1.50)	0.868	1.02 (0.71, 1.49)	0.889
Q3	1.32 (0.93, 1.88)	0.117	1.32 (0.93, 1.87)	0.123	1.29 (0.91, 1.84)	0.150
Q4	1.78 (1.28, 2.49)	<0.001	1.78 (1.28, 2.48)	<0.001	1.71 (1.22, 2.39)	0.002
IFG
TyG (continuous)	1.52 (1.32, 1.75)	<0.001	1.55 (1.34, 1.78)	<0.001	1.48 (1.28, 1.71)	<0.001	0.057
TyG (quartile)
Q1	1		1		1
Q2	1.26 (0.97, 1.64)	0.088	1.26 (0.96, 1.63)	0.091	1.21 (0.93, 1.58)	0.154
Q3	1.69 (1.32, 2.17)	<0.001	1.70 (1.33, 2.18)	<0.001	1.60 (1.25, 2.05)	<0.001
Q4	2.00 (1.62, 2.62)	<0.001	2.04 (1.60, 2.60)	<0.001	1.89 (1.48, 2.41)	<0.001

HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; TyG, triglyceride glucose; NFG, normal fasting glucose; IFG, impaired fasting glucose.

Model 2 adjusted for age. Model 3 adjusted for age, drinking, education, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.