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. 2022 Apr 12;9(4):e33473. doi: 10.2196/33473

Table 2.

Demographics by treatment condition.

Demographics Treatment received


Active Contain COVID Anxiety (n=261) Placebo Remain COVID Free (n=261)
Age (years), mean (SD) 46.02 (15.65) 46.19 (15.71)
Race/ethnicity, n (%)

American Indian and/or Alaska Native 0 (0) 1 (0.4)

Asian 19 (7.3) 16 (6.1)

African American 31 (12.0) 39 (15.0)

Hispanic or Latino/a 16 (6.1) 11 (4.2)

Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander 1 (0.4) 0 (0)

White, non-Hispanic 187 (72.0) 190 (73.0)

More than one race 4 (1.5) 3 (1.1)

Other 3 (1.1) 1 (0.4)
Gender, n (%)

Agender 2 (0.8) 2 (0.8)

Genderqueer or gender fluid 3 (1.1) 0 (0)

Man 127 (49.0) 129 (49.0)

Trans man 3 (1.1) 1 (0.4)

Woman 125 (48.0) 129 (49.0)

Other 1 (0.4) 0 (0)
Sexual orientation, n (%)

Asexual 6 (2.3) 5 (1.9)

Bisexual 20 (7.7) 18 (6.9)

Gay 3 (1.1) 7 (2.7)

Heterosexual 218 (84.0) 220 (85.0)

Lesbian 2 (0.8) 2 (0.8)

Pansexual 3 (1.1) 6 (2.3)

Queer 5 (1.9) 2 (0.8)

Questioning or unsure 2 (0.8) 0 (0)

Other 2 (0.8) 0 (0)

Unknown 0 (0) 1 (0.4)
Education, n (%)

Less than high school degree 1 (0.4) 2 (0.8)

High school degree 27 (10.0) 29 (11.0)

Some college, no degree 74 (28.0) 67 (26.0)

Associate degree 26 (10.0) 31 (12.0)

Bachelor’s degree 77 (30.0) 99 (38.0)

Master’s degree 46 (18.0) 24 (9.2)

Professional degree 4 (1.5) 4 (1.5)

Doctorate 6 (2.3)2 5 (1.9)
Annual income (US $), n (%)

Less than 10,000 17 (6.5) 14 (5.4)

10,000-19,999 24 (9.2) 22 (8.4)

20,000-29,999 29 (11.0) 28 (11.0)

30,000-39,999 23 (8.8) 24 (9.2)

40,000-49,999 21 (8.0) 33 (13.0)

50,000-59,999 26 (10.0) 25 (9.6)

60,000-69,999 15 (5.7) 24 (9.2)

70,000-79,999 28 (11.0) 20 (7.7)

80,000-89,999 15 (5.7) 10 (3.8)

90,000-99,999 15 (5.7) 12 (4.6)

100,000-149,999 27 (10.0) 30 (11.0)

150,000 or more 21 (8.0) 19 (7.3)
Relationship status, n (%)

No current relationship 101 (39.0) 118 (45.0)

Relationship, not living together 25 (9.6) 20 (7.7)

Relationship, living together 24 (9.2) 22 (8.4)

Engaged 3 (1.1) 3 (1.1)

Married 108 (41.0) 98 (38.0)
Has children, n (%) 117 (45.0) 127 (49.0)
Health insurance covers mental health, n (%) 195 (75.0) 196 (75.0)
Received psychotherapy in the past year, n (%) 56 (21.0) 54 (21.0)
Received medication for mental health in the past year, n (%) 56 (21.0) 54 (21.0)
Perceived need for mental health treatment in the past year, n (%) 87 (33.0) 89 (34.0)
Baseline IDASa-Dysphoria (1-5), mean (SD) 2.00 (0.90) 2.09 (0.92)
Baseline GAD-7b (0-3), mean (SD) 0.75 (0.74) 0.77 (0.75)
Baseline self-hate (1-7), mean (SD) 2.07 (1.65) 2.20 (1.59)
Baseline perceived control over anxiety (0-5), mean (SD) 2.88 (1.34) 2.85 (1.29)
Baseline Hand Washing Intentions (1-7), mean (SD) 5.08 (1.59) 5.01 (1.61)
Baseline social distancing intentions of others (1-4), mean (SD) 2.27 (1.12) 2.32 (1.12)

aIDAS: Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms.

bGAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7.