Table 4. Longitudinal associations between baseline CVR and 2 years changes in BDI-II score in participants with a BDI-II score <18 in the PREDIMED-PLUS trial at baseline.
| CVRa | LR | MR | HR | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All participants | Mean change±SE | -0.86±0.13 | -0.76±0.10 | -0.64±0.20 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | 0.10 (-0.23, 0.42) | 0.22 (-0.25, 0.68) | ||
| P value | 0.560 | 0.366 | |||
| Men | Mean change±SE | -1.18±0.17 | -0.87±0.12 | -0.77±0.20 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | 0.31 (-0.09, 0.71) | 0.41 (-0.10, 0.92) | ||
| P value | 0.130 | 0.115 | |||
| Women | Mean change±SE | -0.69±0.20 | -0.62±0.17 | 0.18±0.48 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | 0.08 (-0.44, 0.59) | 0.87 (-0.14, 1.88) | ||
| P value | 0.768 | 0.093 | |||
| Non-smokers | Mean change±SE | -0.84±0.13 | -0.74±0.11 | -0.52±0.24 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | 0.10 (-0.23, 0.43) | 0.32 (-0.23, 0.86) | ||
| P value | 0.564 | 0.254 | |||
| Smokers | Mean change±SE | -0.93±0.65 | -0.87±0.31 | -1.13±0.36 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | 0.06 (-1.35, 1.48) | -0.19 (-1.69, 1.30) | ||
| P value | 0.928 | 0.798 | |||
| Non diabetes | Mean change±SE | -0.78±0.14 | -0.85±0.12 | -1.03±0.31 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | -0.07 (-0.43, 0.29) | -0.26 (-0.93, 0.41) | ||
| P value | 0.695 | 0.454 | |||
| Diabetes | Mean change±SE | -1.25±0.31 | -0.52±0.20 | -0.41±0.27 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | 0.73 (0.01, 1.44) | 0.84 (0.03, 1.65) | ||
| P value | 0.048 | 0.042 | |||
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | |||||
| 60–130 | Mean change±SE | -0.45±0.22 | -0.71±0.66 | 0.38±1.50 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | -0.25 (-1.63, 1.12) | 0.83 (-2.15, 3.81) | ||
| P value | 0.718 | 0.584 | |||
| 35–59 | Mean change±SE | -0.96±0.17 | -0.72±0.10 | -0.70±0.24 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | 0.24 (-0.16, 0.64) | 0.27 (-0.32, 0.85) | ||
| P value | 0.237 | 0.369 | |||
| 1–34 | Mean change±SE | -2.00±0.50 | -1.59±0.32 | -0.56±0.33 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | 0.41 (-0.76, 1.58) | 1.44 (0.23, 2.65) | ||
| P value | 0.490 | 0.020 | |||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | |||||
| <160 | Mean change±SD | -1.19±0.21 | -0.35±0.29 | -1.67±0.75 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | 0.84 (0.12, 1.56) | -0.48 (-2.02, 1.06) | ||
| P value | 0.023 | 0.541 | |||
| 160–199 | Mean change±SD | -0.75±0.20 | -0.84±0.15 | -0.53±0.30 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | -0.09 (-0.60, 0.41) | 0.23 (-0.49, 0.94) | ||
| P value | 0.721 | 0.537 | |||
| 200–239 | Mean change±SD | -0.17±0.30 | -0.82±0.17 | -0.68±0.36 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | 0.35 (-0.29, 0.99) | 0.49 (-0.41, 1.40) | ||
| P value | 0.282 | 0.288 | |||
| 240–279 | Mean change±SD | 0.97±0.52 | -0.83±0.37 | -0.77±0.64 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | -1.80 (-3.06, -0.53) | -1.74 (-3.39, -0.10) | ||
| P value | 0.006 | 0.038 | |||
| ≥280 | Mean change±SD | 1.17±1.81 | -1.85±1.14 | 0.12±1.49 | |
| β-coef. (95% CI) | 0 (Ref.) | -3.02 (-7.57, 1.53) | -1.05 (-6.28, 4.18) | ||
| P value | 0.188 | 0.688 | |||
Results are presented as adjusted means±SE, together with β-coefficients and 95% CI with LR as the reference category (0), for 2-year changes in depression symptomatology (BDI-II after 2 years of follow-up minus BDI-II score at baseline), according to CVR (LR, n = 1497; MR, n = 2436; HR, n = 633). Adjusted by BDI-II score at baseline, recruitment center, intervention group, marital status, educational level, employment status and sleeping hours.
a Cardiovascular risk calculated by REGICOR score: <5% (Low, LR), 5 to 9% (Moderate, MR), ≥10% (High and very high, HR) risk of suffering of a cardiovascular event in 10 years’ time