Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population.
| Total study population | Statin (+) | Statin (−) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RTRs | 344 | 143 (41.6%) | 201 (58.4%) | < 0.05 |
| Sex: men | 215 (62.5%) | 94 (65.7%) | 121 (60.2%) | < 0.05 |
| Age [years] | 52.7 ± 13.9 | 56.7 ± 12.0 | 49.8 ± 14.4 | NS |
| Body mass index [kg/m2] | 25.62 ± 4.78 | 29.91 ± 5.11 | 24.69 ± 4.31 | < 0.05 |
| Weight [kg] | 76.16 ± 17.22 | 79.83 ± 17.65 | 73.53 ± 16.44 | < 0.05 |
| Diabetes mellitus (any type 1, 2, NODAT) | 64 (18.6%) | 36 (25.2%) | 29 (14.4%) | NS |
| Cardiovascular disease (CAD, POAD) | 77 (22.4%) | 47 (32.9%) | 30(14.9%) | < 0.05 |
| Hypertension | 298 (86.6%) | 126 (88.1%) | 172 (85.5%) | NS |
| Reasons of ESRD and KTx: | ||||
| Primary glomerulonephritis | 186 (54.1%) | 73 (55.0%) | 113 (56.2%) | NS |
| Diabetic nephropathy | 5 (1.5%) | 1 (0.7%) | 4 (2%) | NS |
| Polycystic kidney disease | 56 (16.3%) | 26 (18.2%) | 30 (14.9%) | NS |
| Tubulointerstitial nephritis | 70 (20.3%) | 30 (20.9%) | 40 (20%) | NS |
| Hypertensive nephropathy | 18 (5.2%) | 11 (7.7%) | 7 (3.5%) | NS |
| Unknown etiology | 10 (2.9%) | 2 (1.4%) | 8 (4%) | NS |
| Time of RRT [months] | 58.5 (19–97) | 48 (14–83) | 44 (6–94) | NS |
| Time after KTx [months] | 73 (28–140) | 88 (46–161) | 51 (12–89) | < 0.05 |
| Preemptive KTx | 46 (13.4%) | 17 (11.9%) | 29 (14.4%) | NS |
| Serum creatinine level [mg/dL] | 1.47 (1.19–1.92) | 1.56 (1.18–2.06) | 1.44 (1.19–1.85) | NS |
| eGFR CKD-EPI [mL/min/1.73 m2] | 50.4 ± 19.8 | 47.4 ± 19.9 | 52.4 ± 19.5 | < 0.05 |
| Potassium [mmol/L] | 4.3 ± 0.6 | 4.3 ± 0.58 | 4.3 ± 0.56 | NS |
| Hemoglobin [g/dL] | 12.7 ± 1.7 | 12.9 ± 1.8 | 12.6 ± 1.7 | NS |
| Total cholesterol [mg/dL] | 195 (164–222) | 198 (168–222) | 191 (162–221) | NS |
| LDL [mg/dL] | 122 (99–146) | 120 (100–139) | 123 (98–149) | NS |
| HDL [mg/dL] | 51 (42–64) | 48 (39–63) | 53 (44–66) | < 0.05 |
| Non-HDL [mg/dL] | 138 (113–166) | 145 (119–171) | 134 (107–165) | < 0.05 |
| Triglycerides [mg/dL] | 155 (113–221) | 185 (128–256) | 137 (106–195) | <0.05 |
| LDL < 100 mg/dL | 93 (27%) | 38 (26.6%) | 55 (27.4%) | NS |
| Non-HDL < 130 mg/dL | 147 (42.7%) | 54 (38.3%) | 93 (46.3%) | < 0.05 |
| Triglycerides < 150 mg/dL | 168 (48.8%) | 52 (36.4%) | 116 (57.7%) | < 0.05 |
| Albumin [g/L] | 43.46 ± 3.28 | 43.59 ± 3.12 | 43.64 ± 3.09 | NS |
| Albuminuria [mg/day] | 41.5 (9.3–145) | 31 (8–176) | 45 (11–145) | NS |
| Proteinuria [mg/day] | 171 (114–380) | 172 (108–365) | 170 (120–385) | NS |
| Albuminuria [mg/g] creatinine | 49 (15–156) | 60 (15–203) | 48 (15–136) | NS |
| Proteinuria [mg/g] creatinine | 138 (84–322) | 137 (88–357) | 138 (82–321) | NS |
| Cyclosporine | 73 (21.2%) | 39 (27.3%) | 34 (16.9%) | < 0.05 |
| Tacrolimus | 212 (61.6%) | 69 (48.2%) | 143 (71.1%) | < 0.05 |
| Steroids | 176 (51.2%) | 68 (47.5%) | 108 (53.4 %) | NS |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | 150 (43.6%) | 78 (36.4%) | 98 (48.7%) | < 0.05 |
| Mycophenolate sodium | 171 (49.7%) | 107 (54.5%) | 93 (46.3%) | NS |
| Azathioprin | 5 (1.5%) | 4 (2.8%) | 1 (0.5%) | NS |
| mTOR | 10 (2.9%) | 6 (4.2%) | 4 (2%) | NS |
| Belatacept | 41 (11.9%) | 25 (17.5%) | 16 (8%) | < 0.05 |
| RAA system blockade | 204 (59.3%) | 94 (65.7%) | 110 (54.7%) | < 0.05 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 158 (45.9%) | 71 (49.6 %) | 87 (43.3 %) | NS |
| Beta-blockers | 241 (70.1%) | 119 (83.2%) | 124 (61.7%) | < 0.05 |
| Diuretics | 120 (34.9%) | 72 (50.3%) | 48 (23.9%) | < 0.05 |
| Erythropoietin stimulating agent | 47 (13.7%) | 31 (21.7%) | 36 (17.9%) | NS |
Data are show as mean ± standard deviation or number (percentage) or median (interquartile range). CAD — coronary artery disease; eGFR — estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESRD — end stage renal disease; HDL – high density lipoprotein KTx — kidney transplantation; LDL — low density lipoprotein; mTOR — mammalian target of rapamycin; NODAT — new onset diabetes after transplantation; NS — not statistically significant; POAD — peripheral obliterans artery disease; RAA — renin–angiotensin–aldosterone; RRT — renal replacement therapy; RTRs — renal transplant recipients