TABLE 1.

Treatments imposed in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 at the sites of Jingzhou and Suizhou.

Site	Treatment	Fertilizer	N splits (kg N ha–1)	Spacing (cm)	Water management
		N–P–K–Zn–Si	(B-MT-PI-FL)
JZ	CK	0–0–0–0–0		30 × 18	Continuous flooding; shallow wetting and drying (SWD)
	FP	210–100–220–0	147–63–0–0	30 × 18	Continuous flooding; field drained after flowering
	OPT–N	195–100–180–5–0	97.5–39–58.5	30 × 16	Continuous flooding; SWD; Dehydrate 1 week before harvest
	OPT+N	270–120–240–5–150	135–54–54–27	30 × 16	Continuous flooding; SWD; Dehydrate 1 week before harvest
SZ	CK	0–0–0–0–0		20 × 20	Continuous flooding; SWD
	FP	250–125–250	175–75–0–0	20 × 20	Continuous flooding; field drained after flowering
	OPT–N	210–105–210–5–0	105–42–63–0	20 × 16.7	Continuous flooding; SWD; Dehydrate 1 week before harvest
	OPT+N	270–135–270–5–150	135–54–54–27	20 × 16.7	Continuous flooding; SWD; Dehydrate 1 week before harvest

B, basic fertilizer; MT, midtillering; PI, panicle initiation; FL, flowering.