Table 7.

ANOVA results and effect sizes for dietary quality variables among polyphenolic clusters (n=275)

Dietary variable	Polyphenols consumed from 5 to 20 mg/d					Polyphenols consumed above 20 mg/d
	Cluster 1 (n=102)	Cluster 2 (n=63)	Cluster 3 (n=96)	Cohen’s d (95% CI)		Cluster 1 (n=121)	Cluster 2 (n=56)	Cluster 3 (n=94)	Cohen’s d (95% CI)
Dietary total antioxidant capacity	5.52±0.63	9.68±0.65*	10.56±0.80*	1<2: 0.705 (0.382∼1.028) 1<3: 0.712 (0.425∼0.999)		7.00±0.58	11.80±0.85*	7.82±0.66	1<2: 0.757 (0.431∼1.084)
Glycemic index	77.38±1.04	75.82±1.32	75.39±1.07	−		76.12±0.95	74.33±0.95	77.63±1.08	−
Minimum dietary diversity for women	8.13±0.18	8.05±0.23	8.16±0.19	−		8.13±0.16	8.66±0.24	7.67±0.19	−
Water in beverage and food intake	1,481.42±85.77	1,982.37±111.28*	3,183.04±87.97*	1<2: 0.578 (0.257∼0.898) 1<3: 1.979 (1.634∼2.319)		1,414.70±75.49	2,452.71±109.12*	2,987.38±84.22*	1<2: 1.264 (0.921∼1.607) 1<3: 1.917 (1.592∼2.241)
Plain water	2,203.88±129.07	2,361.53±151.24	2,191.60±129.07	−		2,275.14±114.44	2,265.94±163.46	2,129.78±130.04	−
Soluble dietary fiber intake	5.23±0.30	6.59±0.38*	6.74±0.31*	1<2: 0.452 (0.135∼0.770) 1<3: 0.503 (0.217∼0.783)		5.37±0.27	8.39±0.40*	5.71±0.31	1.020 (0.686∼1.354)
Insoluble dietary fiber intake	14.55±0.85	18.04±1.08*	18.36±0.88*	1<2: 0.409 (0.092∼0.726) 1<3: 0.445 (0.163∼0.727)		15.42±0.77	23.07±1.13*	14.94±0.87	0.909 (0.578∼1.239)
Fat quality index	16.52±1.62	21.86±2.06*	20.75±1.68	1<2: 0.329 (0.012∼0.644)		15.78±1.47	23.25±2.22*	21.75±1.67*	1<2: 0.461 (0.140∼0.781) 1<3: 0.371 (0.100∼0.643)
Protein to carbohydrate ratio	0.37±0.02	0.33±0.03	0.33±0.03	−		0.36±0.02	0.37±0.03	0.32±0.03	−

Data are expressed as mean±standard error.

Effect size threshold: small (0.20), medium (0.50), large (0.80), and very large (1.30).

*P<0.05.

CI, confidence interval.