Figure A1:

Frequency at which each root is observed in simulations using lme4’s default settings. Throughout, ${\sigma }_t^2=1$. For the ‘large’ values of ${\tau }_t^2$, ${\gamma }_t^2$, and ${\eta }_t^2$, we used 0.125. For the ‘small’ values, we used 0.001. Note that these correspond to ACCs ranging between 0.001 and 0.16 for the time-fitted random treatment case, and ranging between 0.002 and 0.20 for the treatment-fitted random time case.