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. 2022 Apr 13;12:6154. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09964-6

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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PD-L1xCD3 BiTE interacted with PD-L1 in CCA cell lines. (A) PD-L1 endogenous expression of 3 CCA cell lines including KKU055, KKU100, and KKU213A, was determined by flow cytometry. (B and C) The histogram showed the ability of mBiTE and sBiTE to directly bind to PD-L1 on CCA cells. The bar graph represents the % positive cells detected by anti-Fab mAb (% binding). (D and E) The histogram and bar graph showed % positive cells detected by anti-PD-L1 mAb after blocking with mBiTE and sBiTE (% blocking). Data are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) (****p < 0.0001).