Table 1.
Participant characteristics by sex and HIV status
| Females | Males | Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | HIV+ No. (%) | HIV– No. (%) | HIV+ No. (%) | HIV– No. (%) | HIV+ No. (%) | HIV– No. (%) |
| Age | n = 630 | n = 619 | n = 360 | n = 359 | n = 990 | n = 978 |
| Age, mean (SD in years) | 41 (4) | 41 (4) | 41 (4) | 41 (4) | 41 (4) | 41 (4) |
| 35–39 | 252 (40%) | 270 (44%) | 135 (38%) | 136 (38%) | 387 (39%) | 406 (42%) |
| 40–44 | 234 (37%) | 224 (36%) | 128 (36%) | 124 (35%) | 362 (37%) | 348 (36%) |
| 45–49 | 144 (23%) | 125 (20%) | 97 (27%) | 99 (28%) | 241 (24%) | 224 (23%) |
| Residence location | n = 630 | n = 619 | n = 360 | n = 359 | n = 990 | n = 978 |
| Rural | 310 (49%) | 342 (55%) | 196 (54%) | 195 (54%) | 506 (51%) | 537 (55%) |
| Semi‐urban | 320 (51%) | 277 (45%) | 164 (46%) | 164 (46%) | 484 (49%) | 441 (45%) |
| Education | n = 630 | n = 618 | n = 360 | n = 359 | n = 990 | n = 978 |
| No education | 49 (8%) | 35 (6%) | 17 (5%) | 17 (5%) | 66 (7%) | 52 (5%) |
| <5 Years of study | 160 (25%) | 119 (19%) | 83 (23%) | 80 (22%) | 243 (25%) | 199 (20%) |
| ≥5 Years of study | 421 (67%) | 464 (75%) | 260 (72%) | 262 (73%) | 681 (69%) | 726 (74%) |
| Occupation a | n = 630 | n = 619 | n = 360 | n = 359 | n = 990 | n = 978 |
| Agricultural focused | 379 (60%) | 392 (63%) | 166 (46%) | 152 (42%) | 545 (55%) | 544 (56%) |
| Non‐agricultural focused | 251 (40%) | 227 (37%) | 192 (53%) | 207 (58%) | 443 (45%) | 434 (44%) |
| Marital status | n = 630 | n = 619 | n = 360 | n = 359 | n = 990 | n = 978 |
| Single | 353 (56%) | 196 (32%) | 96 (27%) | 73 (20%) | 449 (45%) | 269 (28%) |
| Married | 277 (44%) | 423 (69%) | 264 (73%) | 286 (80%) | 541 (55%) | 709 (72%) |
| Religion | n = 630 | n = 619 | n = 360 | n = 359 | n = 990 | n = 978 |
| None | 2 (<1%) | 6 (<1%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (<1%) | 2 (<1%) | 8 (<1%) |
| Catholic | 429 (68%) | 410 (66%) | 258 (72%) | 234 (65%) | 687 (69%) | 644 (66%) |
| Protestant | 138 (22%) | 122 (20%) | 73 (20%) | 76 (21%) | 211 (21%) | 198 (20%) |
| Muslim | 61 (10%) | 81 (13%) | 29 (8%) | 47 (13%) | 90 (9%) | 128 (13%) |
| Alcohol consumption | n = 628 | n = 619 | n = 360 | n = 358 | n = 988 | n = 977 |
| No | 400 (64%) | 363 (59%) | 130 (36%) | 118 (33%) | 530 (54%) | 481 (49%) |
| Infrequent (last drink >1 month) | 39 (6%) | 57 (9%) | 28 (8%) | 20 (6%) | 67 (7%) | 77 (8%) |
| Frequent (last drink ≤1 month) | 189 (30%) | 199 (32%) | 202 (56%) | 220 (61%) | 391 (40%) | 419 (43%) |
| Smoking status | n = 630 | n = 619 | n = 360 | n = 359 | n = 990 | n = 978 |
| Non‐smoker | 613 (97%) | 591 (96%) | 292 (81%) | 290 (81%) | 905 (91%) | 881 (90%) |
| Smoker | 17 (3%) | 28 (5%) | 68 (19%) | 69 (19%) | 85 (9%) | 97 (10%) |
| Duration of smoking | n = 17 | n = 28 | n = 68 | n = 69 | n = 85 | n = 97 |
| 1–10 Years | 10 (59%) | 23 (82%) | 34 (50%) | 38 (55%) | 44 (52%) | 61 (63%) |
| 11–20 Years | 6 (35%) | 5 (18%) | 25 (37%) | 18 (26%) | 31 (36%) | 23 (24%) |
| 21+ Years | 1 (6%) | 0 (0%) | 9 (13%) | 13 (19%) | 10 (12%) | 13 (13%) |
| Physical activity | n = 629 | n = 618 | n = 359 | n = 358 | n = 988 | n = 976 |
| Physically active (>30 minutes) | 609 (97%) | 603 (98%) | 342 (95%) | 345 (96%) | 951 (96%) | 948 (97%) |
| Physically inactive (≤30 minutes) | 20 (3%) | 15 (2%) | 17 (5%) | 13 (4%) | 37 (4%) | 28 (3%) |
| Daily fruit and vegetable consumption | n = 630 | n = 619 | n = 360 | n = 359 | n = 990 | n = 978 |
| Consumption, median servings | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 1.1 |
| Below average (<1.14 servings) | 209 (33%) | 264 (43%) | 202 (56%) | 218 (61%) | 411 (42%) | 482 (49%) |
| Above average (≥1.14 servings) | 421 (67%) | 355 (58%) | 158 (44%) | 141 (39%) | 579 (58%) | 496 (51%) |
Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.
a
Information on those who reported to be unemployed (two HIV+ males) not included in the table but included in the denominator shown.