Table 3.

Linear regression analysis for subcutaneous fat thickness in females (N = 125)

Dependent variable	Independent variable*	β	R	R2	p
Anterior forearm	BMI	0.501	0.629	0.395	< 0.001
	Vitamin D deficiency	0.195			0.010
Anterior arm	Age	0.231	0.644	0.415	0.006
	BMI	0.460			< 0.001
	Vitamin D deficiency	0.184			0.014
Anterior thigh	BMI	0.573	0.624	0.389	< 0.001
	Vitamin D deficiency	0.165			0.024

A p value of < 0.05 was accepted as statistical significance

β, standardized coefficients; R, correlation coefficient; R², coefficient of determination; BMI, body mass index

^*Independent variables included age, BMI, smoking and exercise statuses, presence of vitamin D deficiency, season (April–October vs. November–March), and using vitamin D treatment