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. 2022 Mar 31;9:858585. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.858585

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Copyright © 2022 Tian, Geng, Xu, Zou, Mao, Pi, Wu, Huang, Yang, Zeng and Sun.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations of different groups in the feces before or after fermentation. (A) total SCFAs; (B) acetic acid; (C) propionic acid; (D) n-butyric acid; (E) n-valeric acid; (F) i-butyric acid; (G) i-valeric acid. Data are means ± SD (3 independent experiments × 3 replication). Different letters (without a common letter) indicated a significant difference between the two experimental groups (p < 0.05). ^a,b,c,dLowercase and ^A,Buppercase letters indicate the significance of HEPs on fecal microbiota fermentation of male and female volunteers, respectively.