Table 4.
Annual economic burden of influenza illnesses among children < 5-year-old in Suzhou, China, 2011/12 to 2016/17 influenza seasons.
| 0–5 m | 6–23 m | 24–35 m | 36–59 m | Total | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
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| Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI | |
|
| ||||||||||
| Total Economic burden | 0.191 | (0.679,0.853) | 2.823 | (2.57,3.077) | 1.344 | (1.136,1.551) | 2.394 | (2.155,2.632) | 7.346 | (6.923,7.768) |
| Non-medically attended a | – | – | 0.014 | (0.011,0.017) | 0.010 | (0.009,0.012) | 0.017 | (0.016,0.018) | 0.049 | (0.046,0.052) |
| Influenza outpatient | 0.127 | (0.105,0.149) | 1.355 | (1.198,1.511) | 0.788 | (0.632,0.944) | 1.271 | (1.115,1.427) | 3.542 | (3.272,3.812) |
| Lost productivity day of caregivers (median,IQR) | 1101 | (1101,2202) | 8673 | (8673,26019) | 4867 | (4867,14601) | 7365 | (7365,22095) | 21,994 | (21994,65982) |
| Lost school day (median,IQR) | 1101 | (1101,2202) | 8673 | (8673,26019) | 4867 | (4867,14601) | 7365 | (7365,22095) | 21,994 | (21994,65982) |
| Direct cost b | 0.072 | (0.063,0.088) | 0.817 | (0.695,0.939) | 0.521 | (0.381,0.661) | 0.844 | (0.694,0.983) | 2.256 | (2.024,2.488) |
| Medical cost | 0.035 | (0.025,0.044) | 0.364 | (0.331,0.398) | 0.253 | (0.222,0.284) | 0.401 | (0.363,0.372) | 1.054 | (0.993,1.114) |
| Non-medical cost | 0.021 | (0.014,0.029) | 0.257 | (0.170,0.345) | 0.179 | (0.042,0.315) | 0.276 | (0.150,0.402) | 0.734 | (0.530,0.938) |
| Indirect cost c | 0.055 | (0.046,0.064) | 0.538 | (0.463,0.613) | 0.267 | (0.233,0.301) | 0.427 | (0.379,0.474) | 1.287 | (1.191,1.382) |
| Influenza hospitalization | 0.639 | (0.573,0.704) | 1.454 | (1.361,1.549) | 0.545 | (0.495,0.596) | 1.106 | (1.024,1.187) | 3.755 | (3.605,3.904) |
| Lost productivity day of caregivers (median,IQR) | 3896 | (2922,4383) | 7077 | (6066,9099) | 2786 | (2090,3184) | 5194 | (4452,5936) | 18,431 | (15798,23697) |
| Lost school day (median,IQR) | 3409 | (2922,4383) | 7077 | (6066,8088) | 2786 | (1990,3184) | 5936 | (4452,10388) | 18,431 | (15798,23697) |
| Direct cost b | 0.485 | (0.438,0.532) | 1.138 | (1.066,1.210) | 0.426 | (0.391,0.461) | 0.865 | (0.806,0.924) | 2.925 | (2.813,3.037) |
| Medical cost | 0.438 | (0.394,0.482) | 1.018 | (0.948,1.087) | 0.381 | (0.349,0.412) | 0.789 | (0.738,0.839) | 2.635 | (2.531,2.739) |
| Non-medical cost | 0.047 | (0.031,0.062) | 0.120 | (0.097,0.143) | 0.045 | (0.032,0.058) | 0.076 | (0.056,0.096) | 0.290 | (0.253,0.327) |
| Indirect cost c | 0.154 | (0.127,0.180) | 0.317 | (0.280,0.353) | 0.119 | (0.095,0.144) | 0.241 | (0.197,0.285) | 0.829 | (0.762,0.897) |
Annual Economic Burden is presented in millions of 2017 US dollars (95% confidence intervals).
Mean cost and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated using bootstrap resampling with 10,000 replications.
Total cost of non-medically attended influenza only includes direct medical costs.
Direct cost includes direct medical cost (medicine, diagnostics, therapeutics, supplies/rooms, and services/nursing) and direct non-medical cost (transportation, caregivers lodging and nutrition supplementation attributed to the influenza illness).
Indirect cost was calculated by the estimated total days of lost work due to taking care of sick child multiplied by value of a lost time based on the human capital.