Table 7.

Patient characteristics in included studies. Data are mean (standard deviation) or median [range]. Minor inconsistencies in data formats reflect their presentation in the publications from which they were extracted. N/A, not available.

Author (publication year)	Sedation arms	Group size, N	ASA grade (%)	Age (yr)	Female (%)	Weight (kg)	BMI (kg m−2)
Adigun and colleagues17 (2019)	Propofol and fentanyl	31	1: 36	61 (11)	42	69 (14)	N/A
			2: 65
			3: 0
			4: 0
	Midazolam and pentazocine	31	1: 39	62 (13)	48	75 (17)	N/A
			2: 58
			3: 3
			4: 0
Bastaki and colleagues18 (2013)	Propofol	50	1: 40	59 (11)	56	74 (13)	27 (5)
			2: 60
			3/4: 0
	Midazolam and fentanyl	50	1: 38	58 (12)	46	78 (16)	26 (4)
			2: 62
			3/4: 0
Chen and colleagues19 (2020)	Propofol and fentanyl	190	1: 76	44 (11)	54	64 (11)	23 (3)
			2: 23
			3: 0
			4: 0
	Remimazolam and fentanyl	194	1: 81	45 (12)	62	63 (11)	23 (3)
			2: 19
			3: 0
			4: 0
Eberl and colleagues20 (2014)	Propofol and alfentanil	60	1: 32	N/A	58	79 (16)	27 (6)
			2: 48
			3: 20
			4: 0
	Midazolam and fentanyl	60	1: 27	N/A	50	77 (16)	26 (5)
			2: 58
			3: 15
			4: 0
Ekmekçi and colleagues21 (2017)	Propofol and remifentanil	50	N/A	54 (10)	54	73 (16)	N/A
	Midazolam and meperidine	50	N/A	57 (14)	62	72 (13)	N/A
Fanti and colleagues22 (2015)	Propofol and fentanyl	35	1: 54	57 (14)	37	N/A	25 (6)
			2: 46
			3/4: 0
	Midazolam and fentanyl	35	1: 57	59 (12)	43	N/A	23 (5)
			2: 43
			3/4: 0
Gurbulak and colleagues23 (2014)	Propofol, midazolam, and fentanyl	62	1: 72	46 [19–78]	59	N/A	28 (5)
			2: 23
			3: 5
			4: 0
	Midazolam, meperidine, and fentanyl	62	1: 54	48 [19–88]	55	N/A	27 (6)
			2: 41 3: 5
			4: 0
Heuss24 (2012)	Propofol and alfentanil	41	1: 32	62 (13)	51	N/A	N/A
			2: 37
			3: 32
			4: 0
	Midazolam and alfentanil	42	1: 29	62 (13)	55	N/A	N/A
			2: 38
			3: 33
			4: 0
Karanth and colleagues25 (2018)	Propofol and fentanyl	30	N/A	46 (13)	40	56 (8)	N/A
	Dexmedetomidine and fentanyl	30	N/A	47 (12)	27	58 (7)	N/A
Kim and colleagues26 (2021)	Propofol	89	1: 60	61 (9)	53	N/A	24 (3)
			2: 40
			3: 0
			4: 0
	Midazolam (bolus) and meperidine	89	1: 56	58 (14)	43	N/A	24 (4)
			2: 44
			3: 0
			4: 0
	Midazolam (titrated) and meperidine	89	1: 53	59 (12)	48	N/A	24 (3)
			2: 47
			3: 0
			4: 0
Lee and colleagues27 (2019)	Propofol and midazolam	100	1: 43	57 (15)	50	N/A	24 (4)
			2: 51
			3: 6
			4: 0
	Etomidate and midazolam	100	1: 45	58 (16)	46	N/A	23 (3)
			2: 48
			3: 7
			4: 0
Padmanabhan and colleagues28 (2017)	Propofol	300	1: 29	61 (10)	46	N/A	30 (6)
			2: 56
			3: 15
			4: 0
	Midazolam and fentanyl	300	1: 29	61 (9)	49	N/A	30 (6)
			2: 55
			3: 16
Paspatis and colleagues29 (2002)	Propofol and midazolam	64	1/2: 81	61 (11)	48	N/A	N/A
			>3: 19
	Midazolam and meperidine	56	1/2: 82	60 (12)	48	N/A	N/A
			>3: 18
Schroeder and colleagues30 (2016)	Propofol	126	N/A	58 (13)	48	N/A	N/A
	Midazolam and fentanyl	136	N/A	58 (14)	44	N/A	N/A
Sipe and colleagues31 (2002)	Propofol	40	1.3 (0.4)	52 (11)	48	83 (22)	N/A
	Midazolam and meperidine	40	1.3 (0.5)	54 (14)	53	82 (18)	N/A
Steenholdt and colleagues32 (2020)	Propofol	63	1.4 (0.5)	42 (13)	41	N/A	25 (4)
	Midazolam and fentanyl	67	1.4 (0.5)	41 (14)	57	N/A	24 (4)
Toklu and colleagues33 (2009)	Propofol and remifentanil	30	1: 10	51 (11)	57	68 (11)	N/A
			2: 20
			3: 0
			4: 0
	Etomidate and remifentanil	30	1: 13	48 (11)	60	72 (12)	N/A
			2: 17
			3: 0
			4: 0
Ulmer and colleagues34 (2003)	Propofol	50	1.4 (0.5)	56 (11)	42	83 (15)	N/A
	Midazolam and fentanyl	50	1.3 (0.6)	55 (12)	50	82 (21)	N/A