Table 2.

Distribution of toenail metal concentrations (μg/g) in mothers and fathers.

Toenail Metal (μg/g)	Cases(n= 155)				Controls (n= 123)
	GM	IQR	Min	Max	GM	IQR	Min	Max
Maternal
Aluminum (Al)	61.77	30.32 – 125.43	5.49	505.44	57.98	30.58 – 118.29	7.74	547.60
Arsenic (As)	0.55	0.28 – 0.99	0.12	10.61	0.53	0.29 – 0.83	0.09	12.30
Cadmium (Cd)	0.07	0.04 – 0.15	0.01	3.70	0.06	0.03 – 0.1	0.01	1.26
Cobalt (Co)	0.06	0.03 – 0.13	0.01	0.71	0.06	0.03 – 0.1	0.01	0.43
Chromium (Cr)	0.31	0.19 – 0.44	0.04	13.73	0.28	0.16 – 0.47	0.04	3.31
Copper (Cu)	3.59	3.02 – 4.2	1.74	11.06	3.87	3.12 – 4.56	2.08	24.47
Iron (Fe)	123.05	59.77 – 256.44	11.68	962.64	121.76	67.22 – 229.92	23.03	890.15
Mercury (Hg)	0.21	0.13 – 0.27	0.04	3.69	0.22	0.16 – 0.28	0.07	5.78
Manganese (Mn)	3.78	1.61 – 9.3	0.23	72.01	4.5	1.84 – 12.39	0.20	99.18
Molybdenum (Mo)	0.02	0.01 – 0.02	0.01	0.08	0.02	0.01 – 0.02	0.00	0.09
Nickel (Ni)	0.64	0.27 – 1.43	0.02	253.78	0.7	0.29 – 1.55	0.06	32.22
Lead (Pb)	0.85	0.48 – 1.34	0.14	58.89	0.9	0.59 – 1.43	0.17	3.42
Antimony (Sb)	0.01	0.01 – 0.02	0.00	0.33	0.01	0.01 – 0.02	0.00	0.09
Selenium (Se)	0.65	0.58 – 0.75	0.36	1.17	0.62	0.55 – 0.69	0.39	1.10
Tin (Sn)	0.14	0.08 – 0.26	0.03	3.05	0.15	0.09 – 0.23	0.02	2.87
Uranium (U)	0.01	0.01 – 0.02	0.00	0.09	0.01	0.01 – 0.02	0.00	0.08
Vanadium (V)	0.14	0.06 – 0.29	0.01	1.15	0.13	0.07 – 0.28	0.02	1.15
Zinc (Zn)	100.76	88.78 – 111.17	58.15	552.86	111.81	95.04 – 125.33	69.87	973.02
Paternal
Aluminum (Al)	97.99	52.49 – 173.78	10.83	791.87	80.42	42.79 – 154.81	11.17	492.21
Arsenic (As)	0.72	0.42 – 1.15	0.18	7.17	0.52	0.33 – 0.71	0.12	4.12
Cadmium (Cd)	0.05	0.03 – 0.09	0.01	0.92	0.04	0.03 – 0.07	0.01	0.99
Cobalt (Co)	0.09	0.05 – 0.17	0.01	1.05	0.07	0.04 – 0.14	0.01	0.44
Chromium (Cr)	0.8	0.43 – 1.42	0.09	8.32	0.62	0.36 – 0.94	0.11	6.16
Copper (Cu)	3.39	2.88 – 3.96	1.60	66.77	3.42	2.76 – 4.13	1.86	11.22
Iron (Fe)	222.08	105.85 – 430.21	33.75	2152.45	165.91	90.88 – 325.69	31.03	900.35
Mercury (Hg)	0.17	0.12 – 0.24	0.05	1.39	0.17	0.12 – 0.22	0.03	1.67
Manganese (Mn)	5.88	2.73 – 13.45	0.65	82.91	4.81	2.19 – 10.25	0.38	104.53
Molybdenum (Mo)	0.02	0.01 – 0.03	0.01	0.23	0.02	0.01 – 0.02	0.01	0.41
Nickel (Ni)	0.85	0.43 – 1.53	0.03	85.32	0.65	0.29 – 1.43	0.05	28.02
Lead (Pb)	1.06	0.65 – 1.58	0.36	24.20	1.01	0.58 – 1.63	0.27	5.19
Antimony (Sb)	0.02	0.01 – 0.03	0.00	0.22	0.02	0.01 – 0.03	0.01	0.22
Selenium (Se)	0.74	0.6 – 0.91	0.38	1.34	0.63	0.55 – 0.7	0.30	1.04
Tin (Sn)	0.12	0.06 – 0.17	0.02	18.36	0.11	0.06 – 0.16	0.02	1.05
Uranium (U)	0.02	0.01 – 0.03	0.00	0.15	0.01	0.01 – 0.03	0.00	0.20
Vanadium (V)	0.24	0.13 – 0.45	0.02	1.32	0.2	0.11 – 0.38	0.03	1.53
Zinc (Zn)	95.64	85.44 – 109.03	46.48	251.57	97.87	83.14 – 110.89	55.49	378.38

Note: GM, geometric mean; IQR, interquartile range; Min, minimum; Max, maximum.