Fig. 2.

Mitochondrial respiration is decreased by Mn exposure in primary neurons. a Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) measurements in control and primary neurons exposed to Mn (100 μM, 1h) were obtained over time (min) using an extracellular flux analyzer (Seahorse Bioscience). OCR was measured at baseline and following sequential additions of 2 mM oligomycin, 1.5 mM FCCP, and 1 mM rotenone in both control and Mn-exposed primary neuron cultures. b–d Quantification of basal OCR, maximal OCR, and ATP-linked OCR in control and primary neurons exposed to Mn (100 μM, 1h). e Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by fluorescence after labeling primary neurons with TMRE dye. Results are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 4 independent cultures). Statistical significance was analyzed by Student’s t-test (*p < 0.05;** p < 0.01; nd, no differences)