Figure 2.

Transcriptomic effects of 3.5 GHz RFR exposures. Embryos were exposed to RFR from 6 to 48 hpf, followed by gene expression assessments. (A) Volcano plot showing differentially expressed genes with p_adj values of <0.1 and <0.05. (B) KEGG pathway analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs with p_adj values of <0.05. Numbers next to bars represent differentially expressed genes divided by the total number of genes in that pathway. (C–E) qPCR validation for the top three differentially expressed genes with p_adj values of <0.05. Data expressed as relative fold change ± the standard error of the mean. N = 6–8 biological replicates. An asterisk indicates a statistically significant difference using a t test (p < 0.05). “seq log₂FC” indicates a log₂-fold change from the mRNA sequencing data.