1.5. Analysis.

Comparison 1: Mindfulness training, Outcome 5: Mental health outcomes

Mental health outcomes
Study	Depression	Anxiety	Quality of life	Stress	Negative affect	Other
Davis 2014a	Not assessed	Not assessed	Not assessed	Not assessed	Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS): assessed at 1 month post‐baseline, data only reported for intervention arm	Not assessed
Davis 2014b	Not assessed	Not assessed	Not assessed	Perceived Stress Scale (PSS): assessed at 6 months post‐quit. Significantly greater reduction in intervention than control arm (P = 0.03) Intervention arm scored 16.2 at baseline and 13.0 at 6 months post‐quit (−3.2); comparator arm scored 17.5 at baseline and 16.9 at 6 months post‐quit (−0.6). This difference was not significant when analysed as intention to treat	Not assessed	Not assessed
de Souza 2020	Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD): assessed at 4 and 12 weeks. No difference across conditions in the change between 4 weeks and 12 weeks (F (3.421) = 17.549; P = 0.074). Intervention arm scored 6.4 at 4 weeks and 6.9 at 12 weeks (+0.5); comparator arm scored 7.6 at 4 weeks and 6.0 at 12 weeks (−1.6)	HAD: assessed at 4 and 12 weeks. No difference across conditions in the change between 4 weeks and 12 weeks (F (0.352) = 1.668; P = 0.558). Intervention arm scored 10.4 at 4 weeks and 8.9 at 12 weeks (−1.4); comparator arm scored 9.5 at 4 weeks and 8.7 at 12 weeks (−0.8)	Not assessed	Not assessed	Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS): assessed at 4 and 12 weeks. No difference across conditions in the change between 4 weeks and 12 weeks (F (0.015) = 0.278; P = 0.903). Intervention arm scored 20.3 at 4 weeks and 19.1 at 12 weeks (−1.2); comparator arm scored 19.2 at 4 weeks and 17.7 at 12 weeks (−1.4)	Positive affect ‐ PANAS: assessed at 4 and 12 weeks. No difference across conditions in the change between 4 weeks and 12 weeks (F (0.904) = 14.395; P = 0.350). Intervention arm scored 25.9 at 4 weeks and 27.2 at 12 weeks (+1.2); comparator arm scored 25.3 at 4 weeks and 24.6 at 12 weeks (−0.7)
Vidrine 2016	Center for Epidemiologic Studies ‐ Depression Scale (CES‐D): assessed 6 times between quit date and 6 months post‐quit. No significant difference in the change between quit date and 6 months post‐quit between intervention arm and either control arm (CBT: β 0.03, 95% CI −0.16 to 0.22, P = 0.762; usual care: β −0.18, 95% CI −0.40 to 0.03, P = 0.099)	Not assessed	Not assessed	4‐item Perceived Stress Scale ‐ Short Form (PSS‐SF): assessed 6 times between quit date and 6 months post‐quit. No significant difference in the change between quit date and 6 months post‐quit between intervention arm and either control arm (CBT: β 0.09, 95% CI −0.10 to 0.28, P = 0.362; usual care: β −0.16, 95% CI −0.38 to 0.05, P = 0.141)	PANAS: assessed 6 times between quit date and 6 months post‐quit. No significant difference in the change between quit date and 6 months post‐quit between intervention arm and either control arm (CBT: β 0.08, 95% CI ‐0.11 to 0.27, p = 0.403; usual care: β ‐0.19, 95% CI ‐0.40 to 0.03, p = 0.086)	Positive affect ‐ PANAS: assessed 6 times between quit date and 6 months post‐quit. No significant difference in the change between quit date and 6 months post‐quit between intervention arm and either control arm (CBT: β ‐0.09, 95% CI ‐0.29 to 0.10, p = 0.337; usual care: β 0.09, 95% CI ‐0.13 to 0.30, p = 0.444)