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. 2022 Apr 14;17(4):e0263769. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263769

Table 1. Baseline characteristics (N = 163) across patient and control groups.

Schizophrenia patients N = 56 Younger healthy controls N = 29 p-value Alzheimer’s disease patients N = 50 Older healthy controls N = 28 p-value
Demographics
Age, mean years (SD) 30.8 (6.4) 28.7 (7.4) 0.13 68.6 (7.2) 67.1 (7.0) 0.32
Sex (% female) 28.6% 41.4% 0.23 44.0% 46.4% 0.84
Education, mean years (SD) 15.0 (3.8) 17.2 (2.6) 0.001 15.0 (5.6) 16.7 (4.9) 0.21
Partner status (% with partner) 21.4% 51.7% 0.004 84.0% 82.1% 0.83
Country (% Spain) 39.1% 48.3% 0.43 42.0% 25.0% 0.13
Specific disorder characteristics
Psychotropic medication
Antipsychotic (%) 89.3% 0% 4.0% 0%
Antidepressant (%) 19.6% 0% 16.0% 0%
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor or NDMA receptor antagonist (%) 0% 0% 43.8% 0%
Benzodiazepines (%) 10.7% 0% 6.3% 7.1%
Other psychotropics (%) 14.3% 0% 2.1% 3.6%
Severity of disorder
Schizophrenia severity
 Positive symptoms, mean PANSS (SD) 11.0 (3.4) NA NA NA
 Negative symptoms, mean PANSS (SD) 14.6 (6.2) NA NA NA
AD severity, mean ADAS-Cog (SD) NA NA 26.9 (7.2) NA
Mood characteristics
Depression severity, mean QIDS-SR (SD) 8.0 (5.3) 2.1 (1.5) <0.001 4.1 (2.8) 2.0 (1.3) <0.001
Anxiety severity, mean STAI (SD) 43.5 (11.2) 30.4 (5.9) <0.001 30.7 (8.2) 27.5 (5.8) 0.08
Mood state, PANAS
 Positive Affect, mean (SD) 29.5 (6.6) 37.5 (5.9) <0.001 32.5 (5.1) 38.2 (6.1) <0.001
 Negative Affect, mean (SD) 18.7 (6.5) 13.9 (3.0) <0.001 13.9 (4.6) 12.7 (3.0) 0.24
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