Table 5. Early postoperative deficits according to the different approaches used.
| Endoscopic SEA (13 patients) | Combined (5 patients) | Craniotomic (17 patients) | Endoscopic SEA vs. craniotomic | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | p -Value | |
| Intraoperative complications | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5.9 | 0.567 |
| Systemic complications | 1 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 23.5 | 0.528 |
| Surgical scar complications | 1 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.433 |
| Diplopia | 6 | 46.1 | 1 | 20 | 3 | 17.6 | 0.155 |
| OEM deficits | 4 | 30.8 | 1 | 20 | 2 | 11.8 | 0.225 |
| Visual-field deficits | 3 | 23.1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 17.6 | 0.642 |
| Visual deficits | 6 | 46.1 | 1 | 20 | 3 | 17.6 | 0.546 |
| Other CN deficits | 3 | 23.1 | 2 | 40 | 2 | 11.8 | 0.532 |
| Intracranial complications | 1 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 17.6 | 0.558 |
Abbreviations: CN, cranial nerves; OEM, ocular extrinsic muscles; SEA, superior eyelid approach.