Quantification of carbamylated rHDL-modified in vitro by the MPO or CNO−system. Proteomics analysis of samples for peptide sequencing and quantitation of in vitro-modified rHDL. A–C, Ratios of peak area of modified lysine-containing peptides to peak area of individual reference peptides multiplied by 104 are denoted as HCit Peptide/ref for each respective reference peptide. p Values were calculated using Student’s t test. CNO−, cyanate ion; HCit, homocitrulline; MPO, myeloperoxidase; rHDL, reconstituted high-density lipoprotein.