TABLE 1.
Demographic characteristics of the sample (N = 1069).
| Total | Women | Men | d | |
| Age | 69.02 (5.43) | 68.76 (5.57) | 69.29 (5.27) | |
| Number of children | 2.15 (1.05) | 2.16 (1.03) | 2.13 (1.08) | |
| PHQ-ADS | 5.11 (6.68) | 6.20 (7.68) | 4.08 (5.39)* | 0.32 |
| ISI | 5.01 (5.29) | 5.50 (5.55) | 4.58 (5.01)* | 0.17 |
| Quality of life—EQ | 6.55 (2.18) | 6.80 (2.42) | 6.30 (1.89)* | 0.23 |
| EQ VAS (0-100) | 77.95 (18.99) | 77.46 (19.92) | 78.43 (18.03) | |
| p | ||||
| Relationship status* | % | <0.001 | ||
| Married/cohabitant | 73.2 | 61.8 | 84.5 | |
| Single | 5.6 | 5.9 | 5.4 | |
| Widow/widower | 8.5 | 14.4 | 2.8 | |
| Girlfriend/boyfriend | 3.5 | 4.0 | 3.0 | |
| Divorced/separated | 9.1 | 14.0 | 4.3 | |
| Education* | <0.001 | |||
| Compulsory school | 16.5 | 20.7 | 12.5 | |
| High school | 27.9 | 30.2 | 26.0 | |
| University bachelor | 30.8 | 33.1 | 29.0 | |
| University master or more | 24.0 | 16.0 | 32.4 | |
| Work status | ||||
| Full-time work | 19.3 | 15.8 | 22.7 | |
| Part-time work | 10.1 | 10.3 | 9.9 | |
| Retired | 60.0 | 59.4 | 60.5 | |
| Social welfare | 13.0 | 14.8 | 11.2 | |
| Other | 3.4 | 3.8 | 3.0 | |
| Treatment | ||||
| Previously treated for anxiety/depression | 17.8 | 23.7 | 12.1* | <0.001 |
| Type of treatment | ||||
| GP | 10.6 | 14.5 | 6.7 | |
| Pharmacological | 9.4 | 11.8 | 7.1 | |
| Psychotherapy | 10.8 | 13.3 | 8.2 | |
| Admitted to hospital | 3.0 | 3.9 | 2.0 | |
| ECT | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.4 | |
Thirty-four participants were both retired and engaged in part-time work. GP, general practitioner; ECT, electroconvulsive therapy; PHQ-ADS, Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scale; ISI, Insomnia Severity Index, *p < 0.01. Cohen’s d calculated using pooled standard deviations.