Table 1. Participant Demographic and Clinical Characteristics.
| Characteristic | Participants, No. (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enrolled | Included in analyses | Primary analysis | Secondary analysis | |||
| Bacterial infection | Viral infection | Bacterial infection | Viral infection | |||
| Total, No. | 755 | 616 | 49 | 285 | 117 | 499 |
| Demographic | ||||||
| Age, median (IQR), y | 26 (16-52) | 24 (14-49) | 24 (16-36) | 23 (10-48) | 29 (19-53) | 24 (12-48) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 360 (47.7) | 292 (47.4) | 24 (49.0) | 139 (48.8) | 55 (47.0) | 237 (47.5) |
| Male | 395 (52.3) | 324 (52.6) | 25 (51.0) | 146 (51.2) | 62 (53.0) | 262 (52.5) |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||||
| American Indian | 13 (1.7) | 11 (1.8) | 0 | 5 (1.8) | 2 (1.7) | 9 (1.8) |
| Asian | 13 (1.7) | 11 (1.8) | 0 | 5 (1.8) | 1 (0.9) | 10 (2.0) |
| Black | 368 (48.7) | 293 (47.6) | 23 (46.9) | 135 (47.4) | 46 (39.3) | 247 (49.5) |
| Hispanic | 131 (17.4) | 110 (17.9) | 8 (16.3) | 58 (20.4) | 19 (16.2) | 91 (18.2) |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 3 (0.4) | 2 (0.3) | 0 | 2 (0.7) | 0 | 2 (0.4) |
| White | 297 (39.3) | 245 (39.8) | 20 (40.8) | 115 (40.4) | 56 (47.9) | 189 (37.9) |
| Unspecified | 60 (7.9) | 53 (8.6) | 6 (12.2) | 28 (9.8) | 12 (10.3) | 41 (8.2) |
| Clinical | ||||||
| Symptom duration, median (IQR), d | 3 (2-4) | 3 (2-4) | 3 (2-4) | 3 (2-4) | 3 (2-4) | 3 (2-4) |
| Procalcitonin level, median (IQR), ng/mL | 0.13 (0.08-0.32) | 0.07 (0-0.16) | 0.12 (0-0.47) | 0.06 (0-0.15) | 0.12 (0-0.47) | 0.05 (0-0.13) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index score, mean (SD) | 1.37 (2.11) | 1.19 (1.94) | 1.35 (2.65) | 1.04 (1.60) | 1.74 (2.72) | 1.06 (1.68) |
| ICU admission | 35 (4.6) | 23 (3.7) | 2 (4.1) | 12 (4.2) | 5 (4.3) | 18 (3.6) |
| Deaths | 7 (0.9) | 4 (0.6) | 1 (2.0) | 0 | 4 (3.4) | 0 |
| Receipt of antibacterial therapy before enrollment | 103 (13.6) | 87 (14.1) | 17 (34.7) | 26 (9.1) | 43 (36.8) | 44 (8.8) |
Abbreviation: ICU, intensive care unit.