TABLE 1.
Descriptive statistics of endothelial activation markers and coagulation parameters pre and post BNT162b2 vaccine
| Laboratory tests | Reference range | Prevaccination | Post first dose vaccination | Post second dose vaccination | ANOVA repeated measures | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mauchly's test of sphericity | Test of differences over time b | |||||
| Mediana (IQR) | Mediana (IQR) | Mediana (IQR) | p‐value | p‐value | ||
| ICAM‐1 (ng/mL) | <95.0 | 63.5 (50.6–69.9) | 66.1 (56.5–79.7) | 69.5 (59.8–78.1) | .13 | .04 |
| VCAM‐1 (ng/mL) | <187.0 | 132.4 (119.9–144.5) | 133.6 (128.4–146.1) | 135.4 (121.8–154.7) | <.001 | .72 |
| P‐selectin (ng/mL) | <103.0 | 66.2 (29.9–108.8) | 41.7^ (11.4–72.6) | 32.7^ (10.2–88.4) | .96 c | .27 c |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 1.8–4.5 | 3.2 (2.53–3.68) | 3.16 (2.72–3.53) | 3.31 (2.57–3.69) | .13 | .56 |
| D‐dimer (μg/mL) | <0.50 | 0.32 (0.22–0.38) | 0.21^ (0.14–0.35) | 0.29 (0.24–0.34) | .35 | .53 |
| F VIII (%) | 60.0–150.0 | 103.5 (74.7–132.3) | 108 (84.5–117) | 111 (86.3–138) | .008 | .47 |
| vWF Ag (%) | 56.0–160.0 | 107.5 (71.5–132.3) | 106 (73–122.5) | 109.5 (78–137) | .20 | .48 |
| PT (sec) | 10.0–11.7 | 10.8 (10.38–11.13) | 10.8^ (10.5–10.9) | 10.5 (10.2–10.9) | .80 | .005 |
| Min1 (PT) (%/s) | 1.95–5.67 | 3.59 (3.01–4.48) | 3.68 (3.08–4.08) | 3.82 (3.18–4.62) | .048 | .096 |
| Min2 (PT) (%/s2) | 0.97–2.93 | 1.84 (1.51–2.32) | 1.87 (1.9–2.08) | 1.96 (1.62–2.39) | .04 | .10 |
| Max2 (PT) (%/s2) | 0.75–2.35 | 1.48 (1.19–1.92) | 1.52 (1.26–1.70) | 1.59 (1.32–1.93) | .07 | .06 |
| Delta change (PT) (%) | 6.52–17.28 | 10.8 (9.5–13.15) | 11.3 (9.6–12.1) | 11.7 (9.98–13.83) | .06 | .11 |
| aPTT (sec) | 23.9–34.1 | 30.1 (28.8–32.8) | 29.6 (28.1–32.7) | 29.5 (27.1–31.5) | .33 | .03 |
| Min1 (aPTT) (%/s) | 2.86–6.78 | 4.47 (4.05–5.40) | 4.76 (4.03–5.51) | 4.86 (4.24–5.72) | .69 | .10 |
| Min2 (aPTT) (%/s2) | 0.46–1.10 | 0.73 (0.64–0.83) | 0.74 (0.65–0.87) | 0.76 (0.69–0.91) | .12 | .03 |
| Max2 (aPTT) (%/s2) | 0.37–0.93 | 0.62 (0.54–0.70) | 0.61 (0.55–0.72) | 0.64 (0.59–0.75) | .07 | .04 |
| Delta change (aPTT) (%) | 25.21–63.09 | 42.4 (36.33–53.03) | 44.2 (40.05–50.53) | 46.1 (37.85–52.03) | .12 | .23 |
Note: F VIII, Factor VIII; vWF Ag, von Willebrand factor antigen; PT, prothrombin time; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time. Reference intervals for clot waveform parameters were established in the TTSH Hematology laboratory locally based on 124 healthy controls in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. ICAM‐1, intercellular adhesion molecule‐1; VCAM‐1, vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1; P‐selectin; reference data from 81 normal controls, TTSH Immunology Research laboratory.
Median (range) was presented to compare with the reference ranges. All data were normally distributed (checked via Shapiro–Wilk's test) except for those indicated by ^.
p‐value based on Greenhouse–Geisser would be reported if the p‐value based on the Mauchly's test was <.05.
Tests were computed based on log‐transformed variable.