Representative (A) ventral and (B) dorsal views show the circle of Wills anatomy and pial arterial anastomoses between middle and anterior cerebral arteries. Circles on the dorsal surface in B indicate the pial anastomoses analyzed for their number and distance to midline. ACA, anterior cerebral artery; BA, basilar artery; ICA, internal carotid artery; MCA, middle cerebral artery; PCA, posterior cerebral artery; PComA, posterior communicating artery. The sample size is 39 in total and details are provided in Table 4. One-way ANOVA, 2-way ANOVA, or unpaired t test. Panel A shows diameters of major arteries in the circle of Willis. Panel B shows the distance of pial collaterals from midline. Mean ± SD.