Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Subjects and Main Outcomes
| Variables | Entire Cohort (N=2385) No. of Participants (%) | Case-Cohort Study (N=961) No. of Participants (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||
| 30–39 | 829 (34.8) | 315 (32.8) |
| 40–49 | 894 (37.5) | 376 (39.1) |
| 50–59 | 400 (16.8) | 162 (16.9) |
| ≥60 | 262 (11.0) | 108 (11.2) |
| ALT≥ 40 U/La | 214 (9.0) | 84 (8.8) |
| History of liver disease | 169 (7.1) | 70 (7.3) |
| First-degree family history of HCCa | 156 (6.5) | 72 (7.5) |
| Obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) | 724 (30.4) | 292 (30.4) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 51 (2.1) | 23 (2.4) |
| PNPLA3a | ||
| II | 940 (39.5) | 381 (39.8) |
| MI | 1103 (46.3) | 442 (46.2) |
| MM | 337 (14.2) | 134 (14.0) |
| Cigarette smoking | 730 (30.6) | 297 (30.9) |
| Alcohol consumption | 473 (19.8) | 205 (21.3) |
| Heavy alcohol consumption (≥210 gram of ethanol per week)a | 121 (5.1) | 55 (5.8) |
| Ultrasonography | ||
| Hepatic steatosis | 1092 (45.8) | 419 (43.6) |
| Liver cirrhosis | 114 (4.8) | 57 (5.9) |
| Viral markers | ||
| HBeAg positivea | 97 (10.3) | |
| HBV DNA ≥ 4 log copies/mL | 484 (50.4) | |
| HBV genotypea | ||
| B or B+C | 790 (83.2) | |
| C | 159 (16.8) | |
| BCP double mutationsa | 311 (33.5) | |
| Follow-up | ||
| HBsAg seroclearance | 628 (26.3) | 254 (26.4) |
| Incident HCC | 217 (9.1) | 113 (11.8) |
Notes: aData not available for all participants. Missing data in the entire cohort: ALT (n=6), HCC family history (n=1), PNPLA3 genotype (n=5), and amount of alcohol consumed (n=17); missing data in the case-cohort sample: ALT (n=3), PNPLA3 genotype (n=4), amount of alcohol consumed (n=10), HBeAg (n=23), HBV genotype (n=12), and BCP double mutations (n=34).
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BCP, basal core promoter; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma.